Trayectorias del alumnado en riesgo de exclusiónestudio con historias de vida sobre su alejamiento y reincorporación en la escuela

Resumo

There are certain pupils who, due to a low level of involvement in their studies, are centrifuged from the education system in the context of problems that have been recurrent over the last few years, such as school drop-out, educational exclusion or the lack of involvement of students. Faced with this situation, there are also students who, in an exercise of resilience, return to their education with the will to continue with their previously interrupted development. One way to study in more depth their departure from school and the factors that intervene is through the students' school trajectories, how their trajectories are configured, taking into account the events that appear along them, how the students' involvement is modulated. The approach used to carry out the research has been the biographical-narrative one, within the qualitative paradigm, of a series of selected cases. We have chosen to reconstruct the life stories of ten subjects and to reflect on the educational trajectory they have followed with the related life events and the quality of involvement perceived at each of the moments. The tool used for data collection was the in-depth interview, previously validated. For the analysis of the data, a content analysis was carried out using the ATLAS.ti research programme. The main results that have been found subscribe to the main theoretical contributions when they speak of the singularity of each of the trajectories, although the events that occur are related to each other, as well as to the same factors and dimensions that articulate the trajectories of the subjects. If the focus is placed on each of the stages that students go through in their trajectories, the results show that, for each of them, the greatest influence comes from specific factors. Thus, the trajectory evolves to the same extent as the individual students do. Keywords: Engagement; Educational exclusion; Educational trajectories; School drop-out; Re-engagement; Life course theory; Second chance; Life stories; Portraits.