Testing, validation and optimization of Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) sensors for the detection of small molecules in cultural heritage materials

Abstract

This research plan is associated with the European Union project NanoRestArt on nanomaterials for the restoration with a focus on artworks made with polymeric materials. The overall objective of the project is the characterization of low molecular weight early degradation products from the surface of cultural objects. The research combines basic and applied knowledge according to the criteria of the doctoral program in materials science. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) sensors are used in a sampling method called nanodestructive. The development of the method of analysis and the fabrication of the SERS substrates with nanostructures for signal amplification is functional to improve the sampling protocols and minimize the amount of material to be analyzed. The issue of in situ, non-destructive and non-invasive analysis in the field of cultural heritage is central in the development of advanced scientific techniques. The project is developed in a first phase of fabricating the devices for the early detection of degradation markers. SERS sensors and silicone strips (PDMS) with optimized characteristics to obtain ideal analytical surfaces are tested under various experimental conditions. In a second phase, artificial aging experiments of model polymeric materials (ABS, PI, PVAc and linseed oil) are carried out with controlled irradiation and heat supply. In the third phase, the detection of early degradation products is validated with objects made with polymers from the Galician Center for Contemporary Art (CGAC). In the fourth phase, the application of the SERS sensors is extended to other small molecules (lower than 1.5 kDa) of interest.