Comparación entre Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz y Francisca de Isla y Losadade México a Galicia a partir de polémicas, versos y sermones (Siglos XVII-XVIII)

Resumo

This study is a first approach to the echoes and traces left in Galicia by one of the most important polemics in Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz¿s life and works: the composition of the text originally entitled Crisis de un sermón ("Crisis of a Sermon"), where the autor analyses the Sermon of Mandate, preached a few decades before in Lisbon by the Portuguese Jesuit António Vieira. Under the denomination of Carta Atenagórica, this text was released by the bishop of Puebla, Manuel Fernández de Santa Cruz, together with another letter signed by a Sor Filotea de la Cruz, in which critical reflections on the poetical activity of hieronymite nuns, limits to their freedom and boldness are included. Through our work, we review a series of replies and counterreplies it gave rise to, as well as the various hypotheses about the motivations and identity of the individuals that were involved in them, emphasizing the controversial figure of Francisco de Aguilar y Seijas, a Galician bent on spreading the Portuguese preacher¿s oratory in New Spain. We focus, particularly, on the sources and reasons for the explicit comparison established a century later by the poet Antonio de Cernadas y Castro amongst the following binomials: António Vieira / Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz, and Bocanegra / María Francisca de Isla y Losada. The last pair brings us to the intellectual relationship between the archbishop of Compostela and preacher named "Boca de Oro" ("golden tongue"), and the writer known as "musa gallega" or "perla gallega" (Galician Muse or Pearl) in the learned circle of 18th-century Galicia, which, although in other dimensions and from different perspectives, was also a target for fiery disputes.