Papel de la endodoncia ante los traumatismos dentales

Resumo

Traumatic injuries, by their frequency, and on many occasions, by their severity, are a real challenge for the clinician. Its influence is greater in males than in females (2:1), especially among the 2-5 years that coincides with the learning to walk and run, between the 9-13 years moment when they usually start sports activities and practices. The upper central Incisor suffers 80% of the dental injuries following in frequency the upper lateral incisor and the lower central and lateral incisors. The type of injury varies according to the dentition. In deciduous teeth, dislocation, intrusion and subluxation are the most frequent lesions, while coronary and radicular fractures usually occur in the permanent dentition. The Overjet or highlight is, without doubt, the main predisposing factor; When the measurement of the highlight increases from the normal 0-3 mm, up to 3-6 mm, the incidence of the lesions is doubled. Altered occlusion, short lip, hypotonic lip and oral respiration are other predisposing factors, along with falls, mishaps during sports practices and traffic accidents. The conservation of pulpal vitality will be one of the most important objectives to achieve; Children's pulp gets better blood supply than adults, which will make it easier to recover from any trauma. It should not be forgotten that a major impact can lead to an interruption of growth when the accident occurs on teeth of immature roots. Reassuring the patient, dedicating the time needed to establish a systematic order will certainly be our first and best goal to get positive results.