Mitos de la psicología positivamaniobras engañosas y pseudociencia

  1. Luis Fernández-Ríos
  2. Manuel Vilariño
Revista:
Papeles del psicólogo

ISSN: 0214-7823 1886-1415

Ano de publicación: 2016

Volume: 37

Número: 2

Páxinas: 134-142

Tipo: Artigo

Outras publicacións en: Papeles del psicólogo

Obxectivos de Desenvolvemento Sustentable

Resumo

Positive Psychology (PP) has experienced a huge boom in the last twenty years. The aim of this study is to list a number of myths and fallacious argumentative manoeuvres which sow serious doubts about the novelty and originality of PP. The PP discourse is notably pseudoscientific and has a certain intellectual dishonesty. Additionally, PP extends knowledge through social networks, books and journals. This knowledge is alleged to be empirically evidence-based, but in fact it is sustained upon tautological statements, superficial knowledge and obvious conclusions. All of the knowledge produced by PP reveals what it is provided by common sense and traditional wisdom. In conclusion, PP is not necessary in producing this knowledge and is academically and socially irrelevant and dispensable. This paper concludes with some considerations about the uncertain future of the always controversial PP.

Referencias bibliográficas

  • Ahmed, S. (2010). The promise of happiness. London, UK: Duke University Press.
  • Bal, M. (2002). Travelling concepts in the humanities: A rough guide. Toronto, Ontario, Canadá: University of Toronto Press.
  • Beute, F., y de Kort, Y. A. W. (2014). Salutogenic effects of the environment: Review of health protective effects of nature and daylight. Applied Psychology: Health and Wellbeing, 6, 67-95.
  • Binkley, S. (2014). Happiness as enterprise. Albany, NY: SUNY Press.
  • Bishop, A. J., Martin, P., MacDonald, M., y Poon, L. (2010). Predicting happiness among centenarians. Gerontology, 56, 88-92.
  • Bishop, M (2015). The good life. Unifying the philosophy and psychology of well-being. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
  • Blatt, A. J. (2014). Health, science, and place: A new model. New York, NY: Springer.
  • Block, J. (1971). Lives through time. Berkeley, CA: Bancroft Books.
  • Boehm, J. K., y Kubzansky, L. D. (2012). The heart’s content: The association between positive psychological well-being and cardiovascular health. Psychological Bulletin, 138, 655-691.
  • Bolier, L., Haverman, M., Westerhof, G. J., Riper, H., Smit, F., y Bohlmeijer, E. (2013). Positive psychology interventions: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies. BMC Public Health, 13, 119.
  • Borsook, T. K., y MacDonald, G. (2013). Social pain. En C. N. DeWall (Ed.), Oxford Handbook of social exclusion (pp. 163-176). Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
  • Brown, N. J. L., Sokal, A. D., y Friedman, H. L. (2014). Positive psychology and romantic scientism. American Psychologist, 69, 636-637.
  • Buela-Casal, G. (2014). Pathological publishing: A new psychological disorder with legal consequences? The European Journal of psychology Applied to Legal Context, 6, 91-97.
  • Cabanas, E., y Huertas, J. A. (2014). Psicología positiva y psicología popular de la autoayuda: un romance histórico, psicológico y cultural. Anales de Psicología, 30, 852-864
  • Cederström, C., y Spicer, A. (2015). The wellness syndrome. Malden, MA: Polity Press.
  • Cheney, G., Schlösser, A., Nash, P., y Glover, L. (2014). Targeted group-based interventions in schools to promote emotional well-being: A systematic review. Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 11, 342-438.
  • Cheng, J. T., Tracy, J. L., y Anderson, C. (Eds.) (2014). The psychology of social status. New York, NY: Springer.
  • Chida, Y., y Steptoe, A. (2008) Positive psychological well-being and mortality: A quantitative review of prospective observational studies. Psychosomatic Medicine, 70, 741-756.
  • Cohen, I. G., Daniels, N., y Eyal, N. (Eds.) (2015). Identified versus statistical lives. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
  • Cronbach, L. J. (1975). Beyond the two disciplines of scientific psychology. American Psychologist, 30, 16127.
  • Dechêne, A., Stahl, C., Hansen, J., y Wänke, M. (2010). The truth about the truth: a meta-Analytic review of the truth effect. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 14, 238-257.
  • Diener, E., Inglehart, R.F., y Tay, L. (2013). Theory and validity of life satisfaction scales. Social Indicators Research, 112, 497-527.
  • Eemeren, F. H. van, y Grootendorst, R. (2003/2011). Una teoría sistemática de la argumentación. Buenos Aires, Argentina: Biblos.
  • Ehrenreich, B. (2009). Bright-sided: How the relentless promotion of positive thinking has undermined America. New York, NY: Metropolitan Books
  • Elder, G. H. (1999). Children of the great depression. Social change in life experience. (25th anniversary ed.). Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
  • Fernández-Ríos, L. y Novo, M. (2012). Positive psychology: Zeitgeist (or spirit of the times) or ignorance (or disinformation) of history? International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 12, 333-344.
  • Fernández-Ríos, L., y Rodríguez-Díaz, J. (2014). The “impact factor style of thinking”: A new theoretical framework. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 14, 154-160.
  • Foucault, M. (2004/2009). Nacimiento de la biopolítica. Madrid, España: Akal.
  • Frawley, A. (2015). Semiotics of happiness rhetorical beginnings of a public problem. New York, NY: The Bloomsbury Group.
  • Fredrickson, B. L. (2013). Positive emotions broaden and build. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 47, 1-53.
  • Friedman, H. S. (2011). The longetivity project: Surprising discoveries for health and long life from the landmark eight-decade study. New York, NY: Hudson Street Press.
  • Hempel, C. (1965/1968). La explicación científica. Barcelona, España: Paidós.
  • Hipócrates (1989). Tratados hipocráticos (V): Epidemias. Madrid, España: Gredos.
  • Ivtzan, I., Lomas, T., Hefferon, K., y Worth, P. (2016). Second wave positive psychology embracing the dark side of life. London, UK: Routledge.
  • Joshanloo, M., y Weijers, D. (2014). Aversion to happiness across cultures: A review of where and why people are averse to happiness. Journal of Happiness Studies, 15, 717-735.
  • Kashdan, T., y Biswas-Diener, R. (2014). The upside of your dark side. New York, NY: Hudson Street Press
  • Koselleck, R. (2004). Historia de los conceptos y conceptos de historia. Ayer, 53, 27-45.
  • Kristjánsson, K. (2013). Virtues and vices in positive psychology: A philosophical critique. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
  • Lilienfeld, S.O., Lynn, S. J., Ruscio, J., y Beyerstein, B. (2009/2010). 50 grandes mitos de la psicología popular. Barcelona, España: Biblioteca Buridán.
  • Little, B. (2014). Me, myself, and us: The science of personality and the art of well-being. Philadelphia, PA: PublicAffairs
  • Lombrozo, T., Knobe, J., y Nichols, S. (Eds.) (2014). Oxford studies in experimental philosophy (Vol. 1). Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
  • Luthans, F., Youssef-Morgan, C. M., y Avolio, B. J. (2015). Psychological capital and beyond. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
  • Masten, A.S. (2014). Ordinary magic: Resilience in development. New York, NY. Guilford Press.
  • McDonald, M., y Wearing, M. (2016). Positive psychology and its discontents. Why positive psychology fails and how it might succeed again. London, UK: Routledge
  • Pérez-Álvarez, M. (2012). La psicología positiva: Magia simpática. Papeles del Psicólogo, 33, 183-201.
  • Pérez-Álvarez, M. (2013). La psicología positiva y sus amigos: en evidencia. Papeles del Psicólogo, 34, 208226.
  • Piña, J. A. (2014). La psicología positiva: ¿Ciencia y práctica de la psicología? Papeles del Psicólogo, 35, 144-158.
  • Popper, K. (1935/1985). La lógica de la investigación científica. Madrid, España: Tecnos.
  • Quoidbach, J., Mikolajczak, M., y Gross, J. J. (2015). Positive Interventions: An Emotion Regulation Perspective. Psychological Bulletin, 141, 655-693.
  • Rentfrow, P. J. (Ed.). (2014). Geographical psychology. Washington, DC: APA Press.
  • Schelling, T. C. (1968). The life you save may be your own. En S. B. Chase, Jr. (Ed.), Problems in public expenditure analysis (pp. 127-162). Washington, DC: Brookings Institution.
  • Sedlmeier, P., Eberth, J., Schwarz, M., Zimmermann, D., Haarig, F., Jaeger, S., y Kunze, S. (2012). The psychological effects of meditation: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 138, 1139-1171.
  • Stanovich, K.E. (2002/2003). Racionalidad, inteligencia y niveles de análisis en la ciencia cognitiva. ¿Es posible la disrracionalidad? En R. J. Sternberg (Ed.), Por qué las personas inteligentes pueden ser tan estúpidas (pp. 161-193). Barcelona, España: Ares y Mares.
  • Sternberg, R. J., Kaufman, J. C., y Grigorenko, E. L. (2008/2011). Inteligencia aplicada. Madrid, España: TEA.
  • Stokols, D., Perez Lejano, R., y Hipp, J. (2013). Enhancing the resilience of human–environment systems: a social–ecological perspective. Ecology and Society, 18 (1): 7.
  • Vaillant, G. E. (2011). Triumphs of experience. The men of the Harvard Grant Study. Cambridge, MA: Belknap.
  • Vallerand, R. J. (2015). The Psychology of passion. A dualistic model. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
  • Van de Vliert, E. (2013). Climato-economic habitats support patterns of human needs, stresses, and freedoms. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 36, 465-480.
  • Vázquez, C. (2013). La Psicología positiva y sus enemigos: Una réplica en base a la evidencia científica. Papeles del Psicólogo, 34, 91-115.
  • Welzel, C., y Inglehart, R. F. (2010). Agency, values, and well-being: A human development model. Social Indicators Research, 97, 43-63.
  • Werner, E. E., y Smith, R. S. (2001). Journeys from childhood to midlife: Risk, resilience, and recovery. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
  • Whitbourne, S. K. (2010). The search for fulfillment. New York, NY: Ballantine Books.
  • Zeidner, M., Matthews, G., y Roberts, R. D. (2012). The emotional intelligence, health, and well-being nexus: what have we learned and what have we missed? Applied Psychology: Health and Well-Being, 4, 1-30.