Tendinopatía del tendón flexor digital superficial y desmopatía del ligamento suspensorio en caballosfisiopatología y terapias regenerativas

  1. JU Carmona
  2. C López
Revista:
Archivos de Medicina Veterinaria

ISSN: 0301-732X,  0717-6201

Ano de publicación: 2011

Volume: 43

Número: 3

Páxinas: 203-214

Tipo: Artigo

DOI: 10.4067/S0301-732X2011000300002 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAcceso aberto editor

Outras publicacións en: Archivos de Medicina Veterinaria

Resumo

Las lesiones de tendones y ligamentos son frecuentes en caballos. Las estructuras más afectadas son el tendón digital flexor superficial (SDFT) y el ligamento suspensor (LS). La forma clínica de estas patologías generalmente es crónica y de naturaleza degenerativa. Los tratamientos comúnmente empleados no producen curación definitiva del problema. Una gran mayoría de pacientes recaen o no vuelven a recuperar su capacidad atlética inicial. El avance del conocimiento molecular de la fisiopatología de las tendinopatías y desmopatías del hombre, caballo y otros animales ha permitido evidenciar la presencia de citocinas catabólicas, las cuales posiblemente sean responsables del trastorno general observado en estas patologías. El objetivo actual del tratamiento de estos problemas es la regeneración y no la reparación (cicatriz) del tejido lesionado. En el caballo se han descrito tratamientos experimentales y clínicos novedosos. Estos tratamientos incluyen la inyección de aspirados de médula ósea, células madre mesenquimales, factores de crecimiento recombinantes como el factor de crecimiento insulínico tipo I y plasma rico en plaquetas (también llamado concentrado autólogo de plaquetas), entre otros. Los resultados observados han sido prometedores cuando estas novedosas terapias han sido empleadas. Sin embargo, al igual que lo que sucede con otros tratamientos, es necesario realizar más investigaciones para demostrar que su uso clínico puede ser efectivo y seguro en caballos.

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