Documento de consenso en la prevención primaria de alergia a proteínas de leche de vaca en lactantes menores de 7 días de vida
- Juan José Díaz Martín
- Luis Blesa Baviera
- Cristina Campoy Folgoso
- Beatriz Espín Jaime
- Maria Rosaura Leis Trabazo
- Maria Mesa del Castillo
- Rafael Martín Masot
- Ana Martinez-Cañavate Burgos
- Antonio Martorell Aragones
- Manuel Molina Arias
- Enriqueta Roman Riechmann
- Miguel Saenz de Pipaón
- Laura Valdesoiro Navarrete
ISSN: 1695-4033, 1696-4608
Year of publication: 2022
Volume: 97
Issue: 1
Pages: 59-59
Type: Article
More publications in: Anales de Pediatría: Publicación Oficial de la Asociación Española de Pediatría ( AEP )
Abstract
Introduction Cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) is the most frequent food allergy in the first year of life. There is no clear consensus regarding its prevention. A recommendation to avoid CMP in the first week of life as a preventive measure in all infants, regardless of their atopic risk, has recently been published. The purpose of this document is to issue a recommendation on the use of extensively hydrolyzed CMP formulas in the first week of life for the primary prevention of CMPA. Methods A group of experts was formed with members proposed by the Spanish Association of Pediatrics (AEP), the Spanish Society of Clinical Immunology and Allergology and Pediatric Asthma (SEICAAP), the Spanish Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (SEGHNP) and the Spanish Society of Neonatology (SENEO). The group conducted a critical review of the evidence on the subject published in the last 10 years. Results The search yielded 72 studies, of which 66 were rejected for not meeting the inclusion criteria. The final review included 6 documents: 3 clinical trials and 3 systematic reviews, 2 of them with meta-analysis. There was no evidence of a statistically significant reduction in the incidence of CMPA in the infants who received hypoallergenic formulae or exclusive breastfeeding. Conclusion Based on the current evidence, it is not possible to draw clear conclusions about the effect of avoiding CMP in the first week of life for prevention of CMPA. Although there are data that suggest a certain beneficial effect of avoiding CMPA in atopic risk infants, these results are not conclusive enough to extend the recommendation to the general population.