Efectos de programas de ejercicio físico en la composición corporal, condición física y calidad de vida de personas mayores con sobrepeso u obesidaduna revisión sistemática

  1. Yazmina Pleticosic-Ramírez 1
  2. Marcos Mecías Calvo 2
  3. Rubén Navarro-Patón 2
  1. 1 Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana(México)
  2. 2 Universidade de Santiago de Compostela
    info

    Universidade de Santiago de Compostela

    Santiago de Compostela, España

    ROR https://ror.org/030eybx10

Revista:
Retos: nuevas tendencias en educación física, deporte y recreación

ISSN: 1579-1726 1988-2041

Ano de publicación: 2024

Número: 56

Páxinas: 47-62

Tipo: Artigo

Outras publicacións en: Retos: nuevas tendencias en educación física, deporte y recreación

Resumo

Cerca de un tercio de la población mundial se encuentra clasificada con sobrepeso u obesidad, presentándose con mayor prevalencia en personas mayores (Chooj, 2019). En el año 2030, el 20% de la población mundial estará representado por personas mayores y la mitad de ellos sufrirá obesidad (Colleluori & Villarreal, 2021), convirtiéndose en un gran desafío de salud pública (Jura & Kozak, 2016). Así, el objetivo del presente estudio fue realizar una revisión sistemática acerca de los efectos de programas de ejercicio físico (EF), como intervención única, en la composición corporal, condición física y calidad de vida (CV) de personas mayores con sobrepeso u obesidad. Se utilizó la declaración PRISMA, realizando una búsqueda en las bases de datos Scopus, Pubmed y Web of Sciencie, durante septiembre de 2023. Se incluyeron publicaciones de los 5 últimos años, con personas mayores en condición de sobrepeso u obesidad. Un total de 23 artículos finales, cumplieron con todos los criterios de inclusión. Los estudios, demostraron que el EF, como intervención única, realizado entre 8 a 12 semana tiene efectos positivos en la disminución de grasa corporal, aumento de la masa muscular, mejora de la condición física y mejora de la CV de las personas mayores con sobrepeso u obesidad, pero estos resultados dependerán del tipo de programa realizado, entre los que se encontraron de tipo aeróbico, resistencia, y combinados. Debido a la diversidad de programas encontrados, se necesitarían más estudios para concluir acerca del más apropiado para la población de estudio.

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