Desenredando el caos. Un análisis de la circulación de los adornos de piedra verde durante la prehistoria reciente de la península Ibérica a través de la investigación de redes
- Carlos Rodríguez Rellán 1
- Serge Cassen 2
- António Faustino Carvalho 3
- Mercedes Murillo-Barroso 1
- Ramón Fábregas Valcarce 4
-
1
Universidad de Granada
info
- 2 CNRS
-
3
Universidade do Algarve
info
-
4
Universidade de Santiago de Compostela
info
ISSN: 2659-9295, 2174-8063
Year of publication: 2023
Issue Title: Un pasado interconectado: nuevas aproximaciones a la circulación de personas, objetos y materias primas a lo largo de la historia
Issue: 33
Pages: 33-70
Type: Article
More publications in: Cuadernos de Prehistoria y Arqueología de la Universidad de Granada
Abstract
The difficulties in determining their actual number, the specific material in which they were made or the exact chronology of their deposition, turns prehistoric adornments in an enormously complex field of study. Perhaps for this reason, most of the previous approaches to these objects have focused on their characterization and provenience as well as on the consumption patterns and their evolution throughout prehistory. In this paper, we analyze a set of adornments made of greenstone (mainly variscite) and other raw materials recovered from sites in the Iberian Peninsula whose chronology ranges from the Early Neolithic to the Early Bronze Age. From this database and using spatial analysis and network research, we will approach the dynamics of circulation and exchange that made it possible for these artifacts to be distributed throughout practically the entire Peninsula.
Bibliographic References
- AMATI, V., MUNSON, J., SCHOLNICK, J. y HABIBA (2019): “Applying event history analysis to explain the diffusion of innovations in archaeological networks”, Journal of Archaeological Science 104.
- AMATI, V., SHAFIE, T. y BRANDES, U. (2018): “Reconstructing Archaeological Networks with Structural Holes”, Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory 25:1, pp. 226-253.
- BADDELEY, A.J., RUBAK, E. y TURNER, R. (2015): Spatial point patterns: methodology and applications with R, Chapman and Hall/CRC Press, London.
- BARROSO BERMEJO, R., ODRIOZOLA LLORET, C.P., BUENO RAMIREZ, P., VILLALOBOS GARCÍA, R., BALBÍN BEHRMANN, R.D. y MARTÍNEZ BLANES, J.M. (2021): “Mineral adornments at chalcolithic sites in Inland Iberia: variscite beads at Valle de las Higueras (Huecas, Toledo) Spain”, Mediterranean Archaeology and Archaeometry 21:3, pp. 177-203.
- BARTHELEMY, M. (2011): “Spatial networks”, Physics Reports, 499:1-3, pp. 1-101.
- BAUR, M., BENKERT, M., BRANDES, U., CORNELSEN, S., GAERTLER, M., KÖPF, B., LERNER, J. y WAGNER, D. (2002): “Visone Software for Visual Social Network Analysis”, Graph Drawing (P. Mutzel, M. Jünger y S. Leipert, eds.), Springer, Berlin Heidelberg, pp. 463-464.
- BERNABEU AUBÁN, J., LOZANO, S. y PARDO-GORDÓ, S. (2017): “Iberian Neolithic Networks: The Rise and Fall of the Cardial World”, Frontiers in Digital Humanities 4.
- BIVAND, R.S., PEBESMA, E. y GÓMEZ-RUBIO, V. (2013): Applied Spatial Data Analysis with R., Springer, New York.
- BLANCO-GONZÁLEZ, A., LILLIOS, K. T., LÓPEZ-SÁEZ, J. A. y DRAKE, B. L. (2018): “Cultural, demographic and environmental dynamics of the Copper and Early Bronze Age in Iberia (3300-1500 BC): Towards an interregional multiproxy comparison at the time of the 4.2 ky BP event”, Journal of World Prehistory 31:1, pp 1-79.
- BLASCO, A., VILLALBA, M.J. y EDO, M. (1996): “Intercambio de bienes de prestigio en Catalunya durante el neolítico: el desarrollo de la desigualdad social”, Rubricatum: revista del Museu de Gavà 1-2, pp. 549-556.
- BLASCO, A., VILLALBA, M.J. y EDO, M. (1998): “Explotación, manufactura, distribución y uso como bien de prestigio de la «calaita» en el Neolítico: el ejemplo del complejo de Can Tintorer”, Minerales y metales en la prehistoria reciente: algunos testimonios de su explotación y laboreo en la Península Ibérica (G. Delibes de Castro, ed.), Universidad de Valladolid. Secretariado de Publicaciones e Intercambio Editorial, pp. 41-70.
- BLONDEL, V.D., GUILLAUME, J.-L., LAMBIOTTE, R. y LEFEBVRE, E. (2008): “Fast unfolding of communities in large networks”, Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment, 2008.
- BORRELL, F. y BOSCH, J. (2012): “Las minas de Variscita de Gavà (Barcelona) y las redes de circulación en el Neolítico”, Rubricatum: revista del Museu de Gavà 5, pp. 315-322.
- BOSCH ARGILAGÓS, J. (2019): “Gavà (Barcelone), mine et atelier au Néolithique”, La parure en callaïs du Néolithique européen (G. Querré, S. Cassen y E. Vigier, eds.), Archaeopress, Oxford, pp. 43-58.
- BOSCH, J., GÓMEZ, A., CALVO, S. y MOLIST, M. (2019): “Green beads during the Late Prehistory in the northeast Iberian Peninsula: social dynamics in a production and consumption context”, A taste of green: A global perspective on ancient jade, turquoise and variscite Exchange (C. Rodríguez, B. Nelson y R. Fábregas, eds.), Oxbow, Oxford, pp. 69-76.
- BRANDES, U. y ERLEBACH, T. (2005): “Fundamentals”, Network analysis: methodological foundations (U. Brandes y T. Erlebach, eds.), Springer, Berlin, pp. 7-15.
- BRIATTE, F. (2021): ggnetwork: Geometries to Plot Networks with “ggplot2”. Disponible en: https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=ggnetwork.
- BRUGHMANS, T. (2013): “Thinking through networks: a review of formal network methods in Archaeology”, Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory, 20:4, pp. 623-662.
- BRUGHMANS, T. y PEEPLES, M.A., 2020. “Spatial networks”, Archaeological spatial analysis: a methodological guide (M. Gillings, P. Hacigüzeller y G.R. Lock, eds.), Routledge, New York, pp. 273-295.
- CASSEN, S., PÉTREQUIN, P., QUERRÉ, G., GRIMAUD, V. y RODRÍGUEZ RELLÁN, C. (2019): “Spaces and signs for the transfer of jade and callaïs in the Neolithic of Western Europe”, A taste of green: A global perspective on ancient jade, turquoise and variscite Exchange (C. Rodríguez, B. Nelson y R. Fábregas, eds.), Oxbow, Oxford, pp. 121-139.
- COLLAR, A. (2013): Religious networks in the Roman Empire. The spread of new ideas, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
- COLLAR, A., COWARD, F., BRUGHMANS, T. y MILLS, B.J. (2015): “Networks in Archaeology: Phenomena, Abstraction, Representation”, Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory22, pp. 1-32.
- CSARDI, G. y NEPUSZ, T. (2006): “The igraph software package for complex network research”, InterJournal, vol. Complex Systems.
- DOMÍNGUEZ BELLA, S., QUERRÉ, G, CALLIGARO, T., MARTÍNEZ LÓPEZ, J. y CARDOSO, J.L. (2019): “Iberian variscite: ICP-MS-LA and PIXE analysis of recent prehistory beads and pendants from Spain and Portugal”, La parure en callaïs du Néolithique européen (G. Querré, S. Cassen y E. Vigier, eds.), Archaeopress, Oxford, pp. 201-239.
- EDO BENAIGES, M., FERNÁNDEZ TURIEL, J.L., VILLALBA, M.J. y BLASCO, A. (1997): “La calaíta en el cuadrante NW de la Península Ibérica”, II Congreso de Arqueología Peninsular (Zamora, 1996) (R. de Balbín Behrmann y P. Bueno Ramírez, eds.), Fundación Rei Afonso Henriquez, Zamora, pp. 99-122.
- EVANS, T. (2016): “Which network model should I use? Towards a quantitative comparison of spatial network models in Archaeology”, The connected past: challenges to network studies in archaeology and history (T. Brughmans, A. Collar y F. Coward, eds.), Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 149-173.
- EVANS, T.S., RIVERS, R.J. y KNAPPETT, C. (2012): “Interactions in space for archaeological models”, Advances in Complex Systems 15:1-2.
- FERNÁNDEZ VEGA, A. y PÉREZ CAÑAMARES, E. (1988): “Los objetos de adorno en «piedras verdes» de la Península Ibérica”, Espacio, Tiempo y Forma, Serie I, Prehistoria y Arqueología I, pp. 239-252.
- FYFE, R. M., WOODBRIDGE, J., PALMISANO, A., BEVAN, A., SHENNAN, S., BURJACHS, F., LEGARRA HERRERO, B., GARCÍA PUCHOL, O., CARRIÓN, J.-S., REVELLES, J. y ROBERTS, C. N. (2019): “Prehistoric palaeodemographics and regional land cover change in eastern Iberia”, The Holocene 29:5, pp. 799-815.
- GALMÉS-ALBA, A. (e.p.): “Conexiones visuales, arquitectura y análisis de redes en Mallorca durante la Edad del Hierro”, Cuadernos de Prehistoria y Arqueología de la Universidad de Granada.
- GARCÍA SANJUÁN, L. (2017): “Farming economy and wealth economy in the Copper Age of the Lower Guadalquivir River. Debating strategic resources at Valencina de la Concepción (Seville, Spain)”, Key resources and sociocultural developments in the Iberian Chalcolithic (M. Bartelheim, P. Bueno Ramírez y M. Kunst, eds.), Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen Library Publishing, pp. 237-256.
- GARRIDO-CORDERO, J.Á., ODRIOZOLA, C.P., SOUSA, A.C., GONÇALVES, V.S. y CARDOSO, J.L. (2020): “Distribución y consumo de cuentas de fluorita y translúcidas en la península ibérica del VI al II milenios ANE”, Trabajos de Prehistoria 77:2, pp. 273-283.
- HASLETT, J. y PARNELL, A. (2008): “A Simple Monotone Process with Application to Radio-carbon-Dated Depth Chronologies”, Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series C: Applied Statistics 57:4, pp. 399-418.
- HIJMANS, R.J. (2022): raster: Geographic Data Analysis and Modeling. R package version 3.5-15. Disponible en: https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=raster.
- HODDER, I. (1978): “Some Effects of Distance on Patterns of Human Interaction”, The Spatial Organisation of Culture (I. Hodder, ed.), University of Pittsburgh Press, Pittsburgh, pp. 155-178.
- ISAKSEN, L. (2007): “Network analysis of transport vectors in Roman Baetica”, Digital discovery: exploring new frontiers in human heritage. Proceedings of the 34th CAA conference (Fargo, 2006) (J.T. Clark y E.M. Hagenmeister, eds.), Budapest, pp. 76-87.
- KNAPPETT, C., EVANS, T. y RIVERS, R. (2008): “Modelling maritime interaction in the Aegean Bronze Age”, Antiquity 82:318, pp. 1009-1024.
- LANGMUIR, E. (2013): Mountaincraft and leadership: a handbook for mountaineers and hillwalking leaders in the British Isles, Mountain Training England and Mountain Training Scotland, Conwy.
- LINARES CATELA, J.A. y ODRIOZOLA LLORET, C.P. (2011): “Cuentas de collar de variscita y otras piedras verdes en tumbas megalíticas del Suroeste de la Península Ibérica. Cuestiones acerca de su producción, circulación y presencia en contextos funerarios”, Menga. Revista de Prehistoria de Andalucía 6, pp. 335-370.
- LUCIAÑEZ-TRIVIÑO, M., GARCÍA SANJUÁN, L. y SCHUHMACHER, T. (2022): “Crafting Idiosyncrasies. Early Social Complexity, Ivory and Identity-Making in Copper Age Iberia”, Cambridge Archaeological Journal 32:1, pp. 23-60.
- MEER, L. van der, ABAD, L., GILARDI, A. y LOVELACE, R. (2023): sfnetworks: Tidy Geospatial Networks. Disponible en: https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=sfnetworks.
- MILLS, B.J., ROBERTS, J.M., CLARK, J.J., JR., W.R.H., HUNTLEY, D., PEEPLES, M.A., BORCK, L., RYAN, S.C., TROWBRIDGE, M. y BREIGER, R.L. (2013): “The dynamics of social networks in the Late Prehispanic U.S. Southwest”, Network analysis in archaeology. New approaches to regional interaction (C. Knappett, ed.), Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 181-202.
- MONFORTE-BARBERÁN, A., CUEVAS, A. y PARDO-GORDÓ, S. (e.p.): “Adornos personales, contextos funerarios y redes sociales. El horizonte de los Sepulcros de Fosa como caso de estudio”. Cuadernos de Prehistoria y Arqueología de la Universidad de Granada.
- MURILLO-BARROSO, M. y MARTINÓN-TORRES, M. (2012): “Amber Sources and Trade in the Prehistory of the Iberian Peninsula”, European Journal of Archaeology 15:2, pp. 187-216.
- MURILLO-BARROSO, M., PEÑALVER, E., BUENO, P., BARROSO, R., DE BALBÍN, R. y MARTINÓN-TORRES, M. (2018): Amber in prehistoric Iberia: New data and a review. PLoS ONE 13:8, e0202235. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0202235
- MURILLO-BARROSO, M., CÓLLIGA, A.M. y MARTINÓN-TORRES, M. (2023): The ear-liest Baltic amber in Western Europe, Scienti-fic Reports, 13:14250. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-41293-0
- ODRIOZOLA, C.P., VILLALOBOS GARCÍA, R., BURBIDGE, C.I., BOAVENTURA, R., SOUSA, A.C., RODRÍGUEZ-ARIZA, O., PARRILLA-GIRALDEZ, R., PRUDÊNÇIO, M.I. y DIAS, M.I. (2016): “Distribution and chronological framework for Iberian variscite mining and consumption at Pico Centeno, Encinasola, Spain”, Quaternary Research 85:1, pp. 159-176.
- ODRIOZOLA LLORET, C.P., BENÍTEZ DE LUGO ENRICH, L., VILLALOBOS GARCÍA, R., MARTÍNEZ-BLANES, J.M., AVILÉS, M.A., PALOMARES ZUMAJO, N. y BENITO SÁNCHEZ, M. (2016): “Personal body ornamentation on the Southern Iberian Meseta: An archaeomineralogical study”, Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports 5, pp. 156-167.
- ODRIOZOLA LLORET, C. P., SOARES, J., TAVARES DA SLIVA, C. y FONSECA, P. E. (2016): “Iberian Southwest Middle Bronze Age. Reading social complexity in greenstone beads from the cist necropolis of Sines”, Social complexity in a long term perspective. Session B15. Setúbal Arqueológica, Vol 16. (J. Soares ed.), MAEDS/AMRS , pp. 131-152.
- OLIVA POVEDA, M. (2012): “Los adornos, producto de intercambio de ideas, materias y tecnología. Contactos e influencias entre las Comunidades Prehistóricas en el Noreste Peninsular entre el VI-IV Milenios ANE”, Rubricatum: revista del Museu de Gavà 5, pp. 257-264.
- ORTEGA, D., IBAÑEZ, J.J., KHALIDI, L., MÉN-DEZ, V., CAMPOS, D. y TEIRA, L. (2014): “Towards a Multi-Agent-Based Modelling of Obsidian Exchange in the Neolithic Near East”, Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory 21, pp. 461-485.
- PEDERSEN, T.L. (2020): tidygraph: A Tidy API for Graph Manipulation. Disponible en: https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=tidygraph.
- PEEPLES, M.A., MILLS, B.J., HAAS, JR., W.R., BEHM, J.J. y ROBERTS JR., J.M. (2016): “Analytical Challenges for the Application of Social Network Analysis in Archaeology”, The connected past: challenges to network studies in archaeology and history (T. Brughmans, A. Collar y F. Coward, eds.), Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 59-84.
- PONS, P. y LATAPY, M. (2005): “Computing communities in large networks using random walks”, Computer and Information Sciences-ISCIS 2005. Lecture Notes in Computer Science (P. Yolum, T. Güngör, F. Gürgen y C. Özturan, eds.), 3733. Springer, Berlin, pp. 284-293.
- QUERRÉ, G., CASSEN, S. y VIGIER, E. (eds.) (2019): La parure en callaïs du Néolithique eu-ropéen, Archaeopress Publishing Ltd., Oxford.
- R CORE TEAM (2022): R: a language and environment for statistical computing, Vienna. Disponible en: https://www.R-project.org/
- RENFREW, C., DIXON, J.E. y CANN, J.R. (1969): “Further Analysis of Near Eastern Obsidians”, Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 34, pp. 319-331.
- RIVERS, R., KNAPPETT, C. y EVANS, T. (2013): “What makes a site important? Centrality, gateways, and gravity”, Network analysis in archaeology. New approaches to regional interaction (C. Knappett, ed.), Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 125-150.
- RODRÍGUEZ-RELLÁN, C. y FÁBREGAS VALCARCE, R. (2019): “Going soft on green? Variscite and other green beads in Western Spain”, La parure en callaïs du Néolithique européen (G. Querré, S. Cassen y E. Vigier, eds.), Archaeopress, Oxford, pp. 365-375.
- RODRÍGUEZ-RELLÁN, C., FÁBREGAS VAL-CARCE, R. y FAUSTINO CARVALHO, A. (2019): “From the green belt: an appraisal on the circulation of Western Iberian variscite”, A taste of green: A global perspective on ancient jade, turquoise and variscite Exchange (C. Rodríguez, B. Nelson y R. Fábregas, eds.), Oxbow, Oxford, pp. 77-96.
- SCHUHMACHER, T.X., CARDOSO, J.L. y BA-NERJEE, A. (2009): “Sourcing African ivory in Chalcolithic Portugal”, Antiquity 83:322, pp. 983-997.
- SCHULZ PAULSONN, B., CASSEN, S., RODRÍ-GUEZ RELLÁN, C., CARVALHO, A.F., VA-QUER, J., MOLIST MONTAÑA, M. y OLIVA POVEDA, M. (2019): “The time of the callaïs: radiocarbon dates and Bayesian analysis”, La parure en callaïs du Néolithique européen (G. Querré, S. Cassen y E. Vigier, eds.), Archaeo-press, Oxford, pp. 479-507.
- THOMAS, J.T. (2011): “Fashioning Identities, Forging Inequalities: Late Neolithic/Copper Age Personal Ornaments of the Portuguese Estremadura”, European Journal of Archaeology 14:1-2, pp. 29-59.
- TRAAG, V.A., VAN DOOREN, P. y NESTEROV, Y. (2011): “Narrow scope for resolution-limit-free community detection”, Physical Review E 84:1.
- URIARTE GONZÁLEZ, A., FERNÁNDEZ FREIRE, C., FRAGUAS BRAVO, A., CAS-TAÑEDA, N., CAPDEVILA MONTES, E., SALAS TOVAR, E., GILMAN GUILLÉN, A., BOSQUE GONZÁLEZ, I. DEL, y VICENT GARCÍA, J. M. (2017): “IDEArq-C14: Una infraestructura de Datos Espaciales para la cronología radiocarbónica de la Prehistoria Reciente ibérica”, Iber-Crono: Actas del Congreso de Cronometrías para la Historia de la Península Ibérica (J. A. Barceló, I. Bogdanovic y B. Morell Rovira, coords.), Univer-sitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, pp. 209-225.
- VILLALOBOS GARCÍA, R. (2012): “Adornos exóticos en los sepulcros tardoneolíticos de la Submeseta Norte Española. El ejemplo de Las Tuerces como nodo de una red descentralizada de intercambios”, Rubricatum: Revista del Museu de Gavà 5, pp. 265-272.
- VILLALOBOS GARCÍA, R. (2015): Análisis de las transformaciones sociales en la prehistoria reciente de la meseta norte española (milenios VI-III cal a.C.) a través de empleo de la varis-cita y otros minerales verdes como artefactos sociotécnicos, Tesis Doctoral, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid.
- VILLALOBOS GARCÍA, R. y ODRIOZOLA, C.P. (2017): “Circulación de hachas prehistóricas de jade alpino en el centro-occidente de la Península Ibérica. ¿Modelo ‘directional trade’ o ‘down-the-line/prestige chain’?”, Munibe Antropologia – Arkeologia 68, pp. 197-216.
- VILLALOBOS GARCÍA, R. y ODRIOZOLA LLORET, C.P. (2016): “First approach to the organisation of variscite body ornament production during Late Prehistory in the Iberian Peninsula: the mines of Aliste and production loci of Quiruelas de Vidriales (Zamora, Spain)”, European Journal of Archaeology19:4, pp. 631-651.
- WASSERMAN, S. y FAUST, K. (1994): Social Network Analysis: Methods and Applications, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.