Sobre la (vana) tarea de evaluar lenguas

  1. Victor Manuel Longa 1
  2. Juan José López Rivera 1
  1. 1 Universidade de Santiago de Compostela
    info

    Universidade de Santiago de Compostela

    Santiago de Compostela, España

    ROR https://ror.org/030eybx10

Revista:
Boletín de filología: (Universidad de Chile)

ISSN: 0067-9674 0718-9303

Año de publicación: 2023

Volumen: 58

Número: 1

Páginas: 395-424

Tipo: Artículo

Otras publicaciones en: Boletín de filología: (Universidad de Chile)

Objetivos de desarrollo sostenible

Resumen

Las lenguas han sido sometidas a evaluaciones de todo tipo, que han resultado en muchos juicios de valor sobre ellas, esto es, sobre el carácter mejor o peor de ciertas lenguas frente a otras. Esta situación persiste actualmente, de modo que la tesis de igualitarismo lingüístico es amenazada por diferentes propuestas. Este artículo analiza críticamente la evaluación de lenguas, sosteniendo que cualquier intento científico de evaluar lenguas desde una óptica lingüística debería satisfacer la condición básica de ofrecer criterios objetivos. Sin embargo, el trabajo muestra que esa condición no se satisface, y formula cuatro diferentes problemas de los que adolece la evaluación de lenguas, lo cual convierte las propuestas de otorgar diferente valor a las lenguas en arbitrarias y/o descontextualizadas. Nuestra conclusión consiste en que construir ránkings de lenguas (según muy diferentes parámetros) basados en su diferente valor no solo no añade nada al conocimiento científico sobre el lenguaje, sino que, en la mayor parte de casos, expresa o fomenta prejuicios lingüísticos.

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