Tratamiento de defectos óseos periimplantarios (Dehiscencias y Fenestraciones), mediante regeneración ósea guiada. Estudio multicéntrico prospectivo de series de casos

Abstract

Guided bone regeneration (GBR) is a new technique which evolved following guided tissue regeneration procedure for regeneration of lost periodontium due to chronic inflammatory periodontal disease. The aim of GBR is to promote bone formation in osseous deformities either before or in conjunction with endoosseous implant placement. The objective of this multicentric prospective case series study is the assessment of the efficacy of this therapeutic procedure in the treatment of dehiscence and fenestration deffects in conjunction with endoosseous implant placement. 19 patients with ages ranging from 18 to 65 years old, have been treated by means of the Brånemark implant system, in three prívate practice clinics. 26 implants have been placed in regions with periimplant defects (6 fenestrations and 20 dehiscences) which were treated with non resorbable membranes (ePTFE~GTAM®). The mean initial defect height was 6.48 mm. After the healing (mean time: 8.5 months) the defect was reduced to 0.34 mm.; this was statistically significant, getting a mean osseous regeneration of 94.8%. The factor that influenced most negatively was membrane exposure (3 out of 26). In this cases regeneration decreased to 80%. Surgical use of non resorbable membranes to promote bone formation in local periimplant bony defects, seems to be a good and predictable therapeutic method, which can reduce the need for extensive surgical treatments in patients with pronounced bone loss.