The emerging phenomenon of L2 vlogging on Bilibilicharacteristics, engagement, and informal language learning

  1. Zhang, Leticia-Tian 1
  2. Vázquez-Calvo, Boris 2
  3. Cassany, Daniel 3
  1. 1 Beijing Foreign Studies University
    info

    Beijing Foreign Studies University

    Pekín, China

    ROR https://ror.org/00jdr0662

  2. 2 Universidad de Málaga
    info

    Universidad de Málaga

    Málaga, España

    ROR https://ror.org/036b2ww28

  3. 3 Universitat Pompeu Fabra
    info

    Universitat Pompeu Fabra

    Barcelona, España

    ROR https://ror.org/04n0g0b29

Revista:
El profesional de la información

ISSN: 1386-6710 1699-2407

Ano de publicación: 2023

Título do exemplar: Network activisms

Volume: 32

Número: 3

Tipo: Artigo

DOI: 10.3145/EPI.2023.MAY.01 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAcceso aberto editor

Outras publicacións en: El profesional de la información

Resumo

The rise of digital technology has provided new opportunities for language learning, extending beyond traditional classroom instruction. Video projects have emerged as an effective tool in foreign language education, yet research on self-initiated and regulated video production for language learning is scarce. This study investigates the phenomenon of vlogging in Spanish as a second language on the Chinese video sharing platform Bilibili, by analyzing 134 Chinese-produced Spanish-language vlogs. The study aims to understand the vlogs’ characteristics, the vloggers’ profile, and the ways they utilize the genre for learning Spanish. Through qualitative virtual ethnography, the study uncovers the presence and learning engagement of Spanish L2 vlogs on Bilibili. The results reveal a diverse range of vlogs, including daily life experiences and adaptations of popular YouTube trends, primarily produced by university students with advanced editing skills. Vloggers incorporate knowledge from both formal education (e.g., the Spanish textbook widely used in China, Español Moderno) and informal contexts. In addition to practicing oral Spanish, L2 vloggers use various forms of writing, including Spanish subtitles and Chinese translation, and mobilize multimodal resources, such as danmu comments for overlaying corrections. Vloggers also adopt discursive strategies for community interaction, such as self-deprecating metalanguage, feedback solicitation, and metalinguistic reflections. The study highlights the potential of video-sharing platforms like Bilibili as tools for language learning, reveals different learning styles in digital environments (self-supervised and interaction-oriented learning), and indicates the direction of integrating daily vlogs and multilingual subtitles into language curricula, emphasizing students’ agency, self-directed digital learning, and transmedia literacy development.

Referencias bibliográficas

  • Abidin, Cystal (2015). “Communicative intimacies: Influencers and perceived interconnectedness”. Ada: A journal of gender, new media, and technology, n. 8. https://doi.org/10.7264/N3MW2FFG
  • Aldukhayel, Dukhayel (2021a). “The effects of captions on L2 learners’ comprehension of vlogs”. Language learning and technology, v. 25 n. 2, pp. 178-191. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/73439
  • Aldukhayel, Dukhayel (2021b). “Vlogs in L2 listening: EFL learners’ and teachers’ perceptions”. Computer assisted language learning, v. 34, n. 8, pp. 1085-1104. https://doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2019.1658608
  • Amgott, Natalie (2022). “‘Je suis youtubeur’: Multilingual multimodal composing abroad”. Journal of language, identity & education. https://doi.org/10.1080/15348458.2022.2057992
  • Arndt, Henriette L.; Woore, Robert (2018). “Vocabulary learning from watching YouTube videos and reading blog posts”. Language learning and technology, v. 22, n. 3, pp. 124-142. https://doi.org/10125/44660
  • Benson, Phil (2015). “Commenting to learn: Evidence of language and intercultural learning in comments on YouTube videos”. Language learning & technology, v. 19, n. 193, pp. 88-105. http://llt.msu.edu/issues/october2015/benson.pdf
  • Bilibili (2022). Bilibili Inc. announces 2021 fourth quarter and fiscal year financial results. https://ir.bilibili.com/news-releases/news-release-details/bilibili-inc-announces-2021-fourth-quarter-and-fiscal-year
  • Burgess, Jean; Green, Joshua (2018). YouTube: online video and participatory culture (2nd ed.). Cambridge: Polity.
  • Cassany, Daniel; Shafirova, Liudmila (2021). “¡Ya está! Me pongo a filmar: Aprender grabando vídeos en clase”. Revista signos, v. 54, n. 107, pp. 893-918. https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-09342021000300893
  • Castaño-Arques, Ana (2019). Literacidad crítica en ELE: Una investigación sobre la lectura entre estudiantes sinohablantes [Doctoral dissertation, Pompeu Fabra University]. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/668779
  • Chang, Yueh-ching; Chang, Yu-jung (2019). “Identity negotiation in the third space: An analysis of YouTube channels hosted by expatriates in Taiwan”. Language and intercultural communication, v. 19, n. 1, pp. 77-92. https://doi.org/10.1080/14708477.2018.1450878
  • Chik, Alice (2014). “Digital gaming and language learning: Autonomy and community”. Language learning and technology, v. 18, n. 2, pp. 85-100. https://doi.org/10125/44658
  • Codreanu, Tatiana; Combe, Christelle (2018). “Glocal tensions: Exploring the dynamics of intercultural communication through a language learner’s vlog”. In: Kern, Richard; Develotte, Chirstine. Screens and scenes: Multimodal communication in online intercultural encounters, pp. 40-61. New York: Routledge. ISBN: 978 0 367589271
  • Codreanu, Tatiana; Combe, Christelle (2019). “Vlogs, video publishing, and informal language learning”. In: Dressman, Mark; Sadler, Randall William. The handbook of informal language learning, pp. 153-168. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119472384.ch10
  • Duffy, Brooke Erin; Pinch, Annika; Sannon, Shruti; Sawey, Megan (2021). “The nested precarities of creative labor on social media”. Social media + society, v. 7, n. 2. https://doi.org/10.1177/20563051211021368
  • Duffy, Brooke Erin; Poell, Thomas; Nieborg, David B. (2019). “Platform practices in the cultural industries: Creativity, labor, and citizenship”. Social media + society, v. 5, n. 4. https://doi.org/10.1177/2056305119879672
  • Duffy, Brooke Erin; Sawey, Megan (2022). “In/visibility in social media work: The hidden labor behind the brands”. Media and communication, v. 10, n. 1, pp. 77-87. https://doi.org/10.17645/mac.v10i1.4460
  • Espejel, Olivia; Concheiro, Pilar; Pujolà, Joan-Tomàs (2022). “TikTok en la enseñanza de español LE/L2: telecolaboración y competencia digital”. Journal of Spanish language teaching, v. 9, n. 1, pp. 19-35. https://doi.org/10.1080/23247797.2022.2091843
  • Establés, María-José; Guerrero-Pico, Mar; Contreras-Espinosa, Ruth S. (2018). “Jugadores, escritores e influencers en redes sociales: procesos de profesionalización entre adolescentes”. Revista latina de comunicación social, n. 74, pp. 214-236. https://doi.org/10.4185/RLCS-2019-1328
  • García-Rapp, Florencia (2016). “The digital media phenomenon of YouTube beauty gurus: The case of Bubzbeauty”. International journal of web based communities, v. 12, n. 4, pp. 360-375. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJWBC.2016.080810
  • Godwin-Jones, Robert (2019). “Riding the digital wilds: Learner autonomy and informal language learning”. Language learning & technology, v. 23, n. 1, pp. 8-25. https://doi.org/10125/44667
  • Griffith, Margaret; Papacharissi, Zizi (2010). “Looking for you: An analysis of video blogs”. First Monday, v. 15, n. 1. https://doi.org/10.5210/fm.v15i1.2769
  • Gromik, Nicolas A. (2012). “Cell phone video recording feature as a language learning tool: A case study”. Computers and education, v. 58, n. 1, pp. 223-230. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2011.06.013
  • Guerrero-Pico, Mar; Establés, María-José; Costa-Sánchez, Carmen (2022). “Fan fiction y prácticas de lectoescritura transmedia en Wattpad: una exploración de las competencias narrativas y estéticas de adolescentes”. El profesional de la información, v. 31, n. 2, e310212. https://doi.org/10.3145/epi.2022.mar.12
  • Hafner, Christoph A.; Miller, Lindsay (2011). “Fostering learner autonomy in English for science”. Language learning & technology, v. 15, n. 3, pp. 68-86. http://llt.msu.edu/issues/october2011/hafnermiller.pdf
  • Han, Yiting; Reinhardt, Jonathon (2022). “Autonomy in the digital wilds: Agency, competence, and self-efficacy in the development of L2 digital identities”. Tesol quarterly, v. 56, n. 3, pp. 985-1015. https://doi.org/10.1002/tesq.3142
  • Hanauer, David-Ian (2001). “The task of poetry reading and second language learning”. Applied linguistics, v. 22, n. 3, pp. 295-323. https://doi.org/10.1093/applin/22.3.295
  • Hine, Christine (2015). Ethnography for the internet: Embedded, embodied and everyday. London: Taylor & Francis. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003085348
  • Huang, Hui-Wen (2021). “Effects of smartphone-based collaborative vlog projects on EFL learners’ speaking performance and learning engagement”. Australasian journal of educational technology, v. 37, n. 6, pp. 18–40. https://doi.org/10.14742/ajet.6623
  • Hung, Shao-Ting (2011). “Pedagogical applications of vlogs: An investigation into ESP learners perceptions”. British journal of educational technology, v. 42, n. 5, pp. 736-746. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8535.2010.01086.x
  • Jerasa, Sarah; Boffone, Trevor (2021). “BookTok 101: TikTok, digital literacies, and out-of-school reading practices”. Journal of adolescent & adult literacy, v. 65, n. 3, pp. 219-226. https://doi.org/10.1002/jaal.1199
  • Knobel, Michele; Lankshear, Colin (2014). “Studying new literacies”. Journal of adolescent & adult literacy, v. 58, n. 2, pp. 97-101. https://doi.org/10.1002/jaal.314
  • Lankshear, Colin; Knobel, Michele (2015). “Digital literacy and digital literacies: Policy, pedagogy and research considerations for education”. Nordic journal of digital literacy, v. 10, n. Jubileumsnummer, pp. 8-20. https://doi.org/10.18261/ISSN1891-943X-2015-Jubileumsnummer-02
  • Lee, Carmen (2013). “‘My English is so poor… so I take photos’: metalinguistic discourses about English on Flickr”. In: Deborah, Tannen; Trester; Anna Marie. Discourse 2.0 Language and new media, pp. 73-84. Washington: Georgetown University Press.
  • Lee, Yeong-Ju (2022). “Language learning affordances of Instagram and TikTok”. Innovation in language learning and teaching. https://doi.org/10.1080/17501229.2022.2051517
  • Lee, Yoonjoo; Chung, John-Joon-Young; Song, Jean Y.; Chang, Minsuk; Kim, Juho (2021). “Personalizing ambience and illusionary presence: How people use study with me videos to create effective studying environments”. In: Conference on human factors in computing systems – Proceedings. https://doi.org/10.1145/3411764.3445222
  • Lee, Seryun (2021). “Translating YouTube vlogs for a global audience: Innovative subtitling and community-building”. International journal of cultural studies, v. 24, n. 5, pp. 767-790. https://doi.org/10.1177/1367877920979717
  • Li, Zhiying (2018). Creencias de profesores chinos respecto a la enseñanza del español como lengua extranjera en China. [Doctoral dissertation, Pompeu Fabra University]. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/664232
  • Lovelock, Michael (2017). “‘Is every YouTuber going to make a coming out video eventually?’: YouTube celebrity video bloggers and lesbian and gay identity”. Celebrity studies, v. 8, n. 1, pp. 87-103. https://doi.org/10.1080/19392397.2016.1214608
  • Lozanov, Georgi; Gateva, Evalina (1988). The foreign language teacher’s suggestopedic manual, ERIC. ISBN: 0677216602 https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED363092
  • Ma, Ke (2022). “Transnational white masculinity on Chinese social media: Western male vloggers’ self-representations during the covid-19 pandemic”. Asian anthropology, v. 21, n. 3, pp. 211-223. https://doi.org/10.1080/1683478X.2022.2090054
  • Markham, Annette; Buchanan, Elizabeth (2012). Ethical decision-making and Internet research: recommendations from the AoIR ethics working committee (version 2.0). http://aoir.org/reports/ethics2.pdf
  • Marwick, Alice E. (2013). Status update: celebrity, publicity, and branding in the social media age. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN: 978 0 300209389
  • Marwick, Alice E.; Boyd, Danah (2011). “I tweet honestly, I tweet passionately: Twitter users, context collapse, and the imagined audience”. New media & society, v. 13, n. 1, pp. 114-133. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444810365313
  • Henthorn, Jamie (2019). “International fan professionalization on Viki”. Television & new media, v. 20, n. 5, pp. 525-538. https://doi.org/10.1177/1527476418770742
  • Pérez-González, Luis (2022). “Subtitling disinformation narratives around COVID-19: ‘Foreign’vlogging in the construction of digital nationalism in Chinese social media”. In: Baker, Mona. Unsettling translation, pp. 232-247. New York: Routledge.
  • Pun, Lok-Fai (2021). Fans in play and professional in the making: The fan professionalization of comic Doujin in China. [Doctoral dissertation, The Chinese University of Hong Kong]. https://repository.lib.cuhk.edu.hk/en/item/cuhk-2876340
  • Raun, Tobias (2015). “Video blogging as a vehicle of transformation: Exploring the intersection between trans identity and information technology”. International journal of cultural studies, v. 18, n. 3, pp. 365-378. https://doi.org/10.1177/1367877913513696
  • Raun, Tobias (2018). “Capitalizing intimacy: New subcultural forms of micro-celebrity strategies and affective labour on YouTube”. Convergence, v. 24, n. 1, pp. 99-113. https://doi.org/10.1177/1354856517736983
  • Reinhardt, Jonathon (2022). “The history of language learning and teaching beyond the classroom”. In: Reinders, Hayo; Lai, Chun; Sundqvist, Pia. The Routledge handbook of language learning and teaching beyond the classroom, pp. 9-23. New York: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003048169-3
  • Robin, Bernard R. (2008). “Digital storytelling: A powerful technology tool for the 21st century classroom”. Theory into practice, v. 47, n. 3, pp. 220-228. https://doi.org/10.1080/00405840802153916
  • Sauro, Shannon (2017). “Online fan practices and call”. Calico journal, v. 34, n. 2, pp. 131-146. https://doi.org/10.1558/cj.33077
  • Sauro, Shannon (2019). “Fan fiction and informal language learning”. In: Dressman, Mark; Sadler, Randall William. The handbook of informal language learning, pp. 139-151. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119472384.ch9
  • Sauro, Shannon; Zourou, Katerina (2019). “What are the digital wilds?”. Language learning & technology, v. 23, n. 1. https://doi.org/10125/44666
  • Sauro, Shannon; Sundmark, Björn (2018). “Critically examining the use of blog-based fanfiction in the advanced language classroom”. Recall, v. 31, n. 1, pp. 40-55. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0958344018000071
  • Sánchez-López, Iván; Roig-Vila, Rosabel; Pérez-Rodríguez, Amor (2022). “Metaverse and education: The pioneering case of Minecraft in immersive digital learning”. Profesional de la información, v. 31, n. 6, e310610. https://doi.org/10.3145/epi.2022.nov.10
  • Scolari, Carlos A.; Masanet, Maria-José; Guerrero-Pico, Mar; Establés, María-José (2018). “Transmedia literacy in the new media ecology: Teens’ transmedia skills and informal learning strategies”. El profesional de la información, v. 27, n. 4, pp. 801-812. https://doi.org/10.3145/epi.2018.jul.09
  • Shi, Xingsong; Chang, Yujie; Gao, Jiawei (2022). “Investment in transnational identity to become microcelebrities in China: On American uploaders’ success in a Chinese video-sharing website”. Language and intercultural communication, v. 22, n. 6, pp. 642-661. https://doi.org/10.1080/14708477.2022.2078343
  • Snelson, Chareen (2015). “Vlogging about school on YouTube: An exploratory study”. New media and society, v. 17, n. 3, pp. 321-339. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444813504271
  • Vázquez-Calvo, Boris; Elf, Nikolaj; Gewerc, Adriana (2020). “Catalan Teenagers’ identity, literacy and language practices on YouTube”. In: Freiermuth, Mark R.; Zarrinabadi, Nourollah. Technology and the psychology of second language learners and users, pp. 251-278. Cham: Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-34212-8_10
  • Vázquez-Calvo, Boris; Zhang, Leticia-Tian; Pascual, Mariona; Cassany, Daniel (2019). “Fan translation of games, anime, and fanfiction”. Language learning and technology, v. 23, n. 1, pp. 49-71. https://doi.org/10.125/44672
  • Vázquez-Calvo, Boris; Shafirova, Liudmila; Zhang, Leticia-Tian (2022). “Language learning hashtags on TikTok in Chinese, Italian, and Russian”. In: Klimanova, Liudmila. Identity, multilingualism & call, pp. 104-134. Sheffield: Equinox. https://doi.org/10.1558/equinox.43411
  • Vizcaíno-Verdú, Arantxa; De-Casas-Moreno, Patricia; Jaramillo-Dent, Daniela (2022). “Thanks for joining our life: Intimacy as performativity on YouTube parenting vlogs”. Profesional de la información, v. 31, n. 4, e310407. https://doi.org/10.3145/epi.2022.jul.07
  • Wang, Hung-Chun; Chen, Cheryl-Wei-Yu (2020). “Learning English from youtubers: English L2 learners’ self-regulated language learning on YouTube”. Innovation in language learning and teaching, v. 14, n. 4, pp. 333-346. https://doi.org/10.1080/17501229.2019.1607356
  • Wang, Xiaoxian (2022). “Popularising vlogging in China: Bilibili’s institutional promotion of vlogging culture”. Global media and China, v. 7, n. 4, pp. 441-462. https://doi.org/10.1177/20594364221133536
  • Wang, Xiaoxian; Picone, Ike (2021). “The art of attracting attention: A process model of chinese toubu vloggers’ strategies to create online identities and self-brands”. Celebrity studies. https://doi.org/10.1080/19392397.2021.1991408
  • Wang, Xiaoxian; Picone, Ike (2022). “Mobilized, negotiated and balanced: Chinese school vloggers’ platform engagements and layered identity construction on Bilibili”. Journal of youth studies. https://doi.org/10.1080/13676261.2022.2098705
  • Xu, Jian; Zhao, Xinyu (2022). “Coping with the ‘double bind’ through vlogging: Pandemic digital citizenship of Chinese international students”. Continuum, v. 36, n. 2, pp. 260-273. https://doi.org/10.1080/10304312.2021.2008319
  • Yang, Ya-Ting C.; Wu, Wan-Chi I. (2012). “Digital storytelling for enhancing student academic achievement, critical thinking.; Learning motivation: A year-long experimental study”. Computers and education, v. 59, n. 2, pp. 339-352. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2011.12.012
  • Yu, Man (2021). El español en China. In: El español en el mundo: Anuario del Instituto Cervantes 2021. Instituto Cervantes. https://cvc.cervantes.es/lengua/anuario/anuario_21/asia_oceania/china.htm
  • Zhang, Leticia-Tian; Cassany, Daniel (2019a). “The ‘danmu’ phenomenon and media participation: Intercultural understanding and language learning through ‘The Ministry of Time’”. Comunicar, v. 27, n. 58, pp. 19-29. https://doi.org/10.3916/C58-2019-02
  • Zhang, Leticia-Tian; Cassany, Daniel (2019b). “Practices on audiovisual comprehension and Spanish to Chinese translation in a fansub community”. Revista española de lingüística aplicada/Spanish journal of applied linguistics, v. 32, n. 2, pp. 620-649. https://doi.org/10.1075/resla.17013.zha
  • Zhang, Leticia-Tian; Vázquez-Calvo, Boris (2022). “‘¿Triste estás? I don’t know nan molla’: Multilingual pop song fandubs by @miree_music, ITL” - International journal of applied linguistics, v. 173, n. 2, pp. 210-211. https://doi.org/10.1075/itl.21007.zha