Anatomical, Developmental and Physiological Bases of Tree-Ring Formation in Relation to Environmental Factors

  1. Rathgeber, Cyrille B. K. 3
  2. Pérez-de-Lis, Gonzalo 3
  3. Fernández-de-Uña, Laura 3
  4. Fonti, Patrick 1
  5. Rossi, Sergio 56
  6. Treydte, Kerstin 1
  7. Gessler, Arthur 12
  8. Deslauriers, Annie 5
  9. Fonti, Marina V. 4
  10. Ponton, Stéphane 3
  1. 1 Research Unit Forest Dynamics, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
  2. 2 Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
  3. 3 Université de Lorraine, AgroParisTech, INRAE, SILVA, 54000, Nancy, France
  4. 4 Laboratory of Ecosystems Biogeochemistry, Institute of Ecology and Geography, Siberian Federal University, Svobodny 79, 660041, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
  5. 5 Département Des Sciences Fondamentales, Université du Québec À Chicoutimi, Chicoutimi, G72B1, Canada
  6. 6 Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
Libro:
Stable Isotopes in Tree Rings

ISSN: 1568-2544

ISBN: 9783030926977 9783030926984

Ano de publicación: 2022

Páxinas: 61-99

Tipo: Capítulo de libro

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-92698-4_3 GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAcceso aberto editor

Resumo

Understanding the process of wood formation and its dynamics over the growing season is fundamental to interpret the isotopic signature of tree rings. Indeed, the isotopic signal recorded in wood does not only depend on the conditions influencing carbon, water, and nitrogen uptake in the leaves and roots, but also on how these elements are translocated to the stem and incorporated into the developing xylem. Depending on environmental conditions, tree developmental stage, and physiological status, wood formation dynamics can vary greatly and produce tree-ring structures carrying specific isotopic signatures. In this chapter, we present the physiological processes involved in wood formation, along with their relationships with anatomical, developmental, and environmental factors, to understand when and how photosynthetic assimilates are progressively incorporated into the forming xylem, creating the final isotopic signature of a tree ring. First, we review current knowledge on the structure and functions of wood. Then we describe the xylogenesis process (how and when the new xylem cells produced by the cambium develop through successive differentiation phases), and its relationships with physiological, developmental, and environmental factors. Finally, we explain the kinetics of xylem cell differentiation and show why the knowledge recently acquired in this field allows us to better understand the isotopic signals in tree rings.

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