Aproximación molecular a la inducción de resistencia contra la fusariosis vascular del tomate por Penicillium rubens, Cepa 212 (po212)

Abstract

Control of soil-borne fungal pathogens using chemical means is inefficient, expensive y and causes environmental damage. An ecologically approach to crop protection, which is able to reduce the damage caused by fungal pathogens and has proven to be effective in many crops, is based on biological control (BC) mediated by biocontrol agents (BCAs). In particular, Penicillium rubens strain 212 (PO212) (formerly P. oxalicum) is a soil mycoflora fungus with good characteristics to be commercially developed as a biofungicide against different horticultural plant diseases. PO212 has been shown to be effective against a broad spectrum of soil pathogens in different crops. Its conidia reduce efficiently the severity of disease caused by Verticillium albo-atrum, V. dahliae, Fusarium. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (FOL),Botrytis cinerea (B. fuckeliana), Phytophtora parasitica and P. infestans on tomato, F. oxysporum f. sp. melonis on melon, F. oxysporum f. sp. niveum on watermelon in growth chamber, greenhouse and field assays. It is also effective against potato golden cyst (Globodera rostochiensis) in laboratory conditions, Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) and Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) in growth chamber assays and even against powdery mildew (Erysiphe necator) on strawberry plants, which has expanded the application potential of PO212 to airborne diseases. The main mode of action of PO212 is the induction of resistance in the host, although it has also been shown to be a plant growth promoting fungus...