Influência do Diâmetro Pupilar no Rendimento Visual e Ótico das Lentes de Contacto Multifocais

Abstract

This work consisted in a prospective, randomized, double-masked clinical study with different simultaneous vision multifocal contact lenses. It was conducted in the Clinical and Experimental Optometry Research Laboratory (CEORLab) in the Center of Physics of the University of Minho (Braga, Portugal) and consisted in three assessment periods of two weeks each, during which the patient used one of the contact lenses (CLs) of the study. Evaluations were performed at the baseline visit, after a week and fifteen days of CL’s wear and a “wash-out” period of a week was guaranteed between each CL wear. The subjects were evaluated with the Functional Visual Analyzer (Stereooptical, USA) system for measurements of visual acuity, contrast sensitivity function and defocus curves performed from +1.00 to -3.00 diopters (D) in 0.50D steps. The group of 19 patients enrolled in the study presented age between 40 and 55 years, with a spherical refractive error from +2.00 to -5.00 D and astigmatic power inferior to 0.75 D. The addition for near vision varied from +1.00 to +2.50 D. Once the CLs were fitted, it was intended to measure the visual and optical quality of three multifocal CL through different apertures of 2.0 to 4.0 mm and natural pupil conditions; it was also performed a measurement of stereopsis with Random Dot test (Stereoptical, IL). Each patient filled a McMonnies questionnaire to discard dry eye problems before joining the study. Following guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki, all patients signed an informed consent once the nature, procedures and potential risks of the study were fully explained. The results show that patients successfully adapted to the three lenses used in the study, showing their preference on a forced-choice test peer to peer after each period of use for two of them (Air Optix, Ciba Vision and Multifocal Proclear Multifocal, Coopervision) at the expense of the third (Acuvue Oasys for Presbyopia, Johnson & Johnson). The Proclear Multifocal, Acuvue Oasys for Presbyopia and Air Optix Multifocal lenses provide good visual results in terms of binocular distance, intermediate and near VA under photopic conditions. The values of binocular VA decrease in scotopic conditions and under the induction of Glare II.