Estudio de los efectos de los mitos sobre las agresiones sexuales en la verosimilitud de una víctima-denunciante de una agresión sexual

  1. Yurena Gancedo 1
  2. Jéssica Sanmarco 1
  3. Adriana Selaya 1
  4. Andrea González-Dapía 2
  5. Mercedes Novo 1
  1. 1 Psicología Organizacional, Jurídica Forense y Metodología de las Ciencias del Comportamiento, Facultad de Psicología, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
  2. 2 Unidad de Psicología Forense, Facultad de Psicología, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
Revista:
Acción psicológica

ISSN: 1578-908X

Ano de publicación: 2021

Título do exemplar: Psicología y COViD-19

Volume: 18

Número: 1

Páxinas: 221-248

Tipo: Artigo

DOI: 10.5944/AP.18.1.30805 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR

Outras publicacións en: Acción psicológica

Resumo

La violencia sexual contra la mujer es de los delitos que menos se denuncia y con una menor tasa de condenas. La principal prueba de cargo es el testimonio de la víctima-denunciante y la evaluación de la verosimilitud. Con el objetivo de conocer los efectos de los mitos sobre las agresiones sexuales a mujeres en la verosimilitud del testimonio diseñamos un estudio de campo. Participaron en el estudio 353 personas (235 mujeres), con edades comprendidas entre los 16 y los 72 años, que evaluaron la verosimilitud del testimonio de una víctima denunciante de una agresión sexual, manipulando el tipo de relato (neutro, con vestimenta provocativa y con consumo de alcohol), y respondieron a una medida de la aceptación de los mitos sobre las agresiones sexuales. Los resultados no mostraron un efecto del tipo de relato en la evaluación de la verosimilitud del testimonio, pero sí de los factores sexo y mitos sobre las agresiones sexuales. Sucintamente, los hombres confirieron una menor verosimilitud al testimonio de la víctima-denunciante (i.e., menor honestidad, credibilidad en la víctima denunciante y su testimonio), al tiempo que atribuyeron menos responsabilidad al agresor-denunciado. No obstante, tanto hombres como mujeres atribuyeron, y por un igual, responsabilidad a la víctima-denunciante en los hechos denunciados. Asimismo, los que concuerdan con los mitos sobre las agresiones sexuales otorgaron menor honestidad y credibilidad a la la víctima-denunciante, así como a su testimonio, al tiempo que atribuyeron menos responsabilidad al agresor-denunciado y más a la víctima-denunciante. Se discuten las implicaciones de los resultados para la formación de juicios.

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Fonte de datos: Dialnet