Uso problemático de internet en adolescentes: factores personales de riesgo y consecuencias emocionales y conductuales

  1. Cristina Alonso
  2. Estrella Romero
Revista:
Revista iberoamericana de psicología y salud

ISSN: 2171-2069

Ano de publicación: 2021

Volume: 12

Número: 2

Páxinas: 76-89

Tipo: Artigo

DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAcceso aberto editor

Outras publicacións en: Revista iberoamericana de psicología y salud

Resumo

Background/Objective: The aim of this study is to analyze whether the big five personality traits are predictors of problematic internet use (PIU) and whether PIU predicts changes in emotional well-being and externalizing behaviors, as well as in risk internet-related behaviors (cyberbullying and sexting). Method: This study analysed data from 624 adolescents studied on two occasions (T1 and T2) separated by a one-year period, with evaluations of the big five traits, PIU, and the potential outcomes. Results: The results show that low conscientiousness predicts increases in PIU from T1 to T2. Furthermore, results show that a high PIU predicts increases in both proactive and reactive aggressive behavior and in substance use. A high PIU score predicts a decrease in positive emotions. The results also suggest that a high PIU predicts increased cybervictimization and cyberbullying. Conclusions: This study makes it possible to verify that personality predicts the development of PIU in adolescence and that PIU contributes to the development of externalizing problems and the deterioration of subjective well-being.

Referencias bibliográficas

  • Agbaria, Q. (2020). Internet addiction and aggression: the mediating roles of self-control and positive affect. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 1-16. https:// doi.org/10.1007/s11469-019-00220-z
  • Akin, A. y İskender, M. (2011). Internet addiction and depression, anxiety and stress. International Online Journal of Educational Sciences, 3(1), 138-148.
  • Alonso, C. y Romero, E. (2017). El uso problemático de nuevas tecnologías en una muestra clínica de niños y adolescentes. Personalidad y problemas de conducta asociados. Actas Españolas de Psiquiatría, 45(2), 62-70.
  • Alonso, C. y Romero, E. (2018). Study of the domains and facets of the five-factor model of personality in problematic internet use in adolescents. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 1-12. https://doi. org/10.1007/s11469-018-9960-2
  • Anderson, E., Steen, E. y Stavropulos, V. (2016). Internet use and Problematic Internet Use: A systematic review of longitudinal research trends in adolescence and emergent adulthood, International Journal of Adolescence and Youth, 22(4), 1-25. https:// doi.org/10.1080/02673843.2016.122771 6
  • Andreassen, C.S., Griffiths, M.D., Gjertsen, S.R., Krossbakken, E., Kvam, S. y Pallesen, S. (2013). The relationships between behavioral addictions and the five-factor model of personality. Journal of Behavioral Addiction, 2(2), 90-99. https://doi.org/10.1556/ JBA.2.2013.003
  • Andreu, J.M., Peña, M.E. y Ramírez, J.M. (2009). Cuestionario de agresión reactiva y proactiva: Un instrumento de medida de la agresión en adolescentes. Revista de Psicopatología y Psicología Clínica, 14, 37- 49.
  • Arpaci, I., Abdeljawad, T., Baloğlu, M., Kesici, Ş. y Mahariq, I. (2020). Mediating effect of internet addiction on the relationship between individualism and cyberbullying: CrossSectional Questionnaire Study. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 22(5):e16210. https://doi.org/10.2196/16210
  • Carroll, A., McCarthy, M., Houghton, S., Sanders O’Connor, E. y Zadow, C. (2018). Reactive and proactive aggression as meaningful distinctions at the variable and person level in primary school-aged children. Aggressive behavior, 44(5), 431-441. https://doi. org/10.1002/ab.21763
  • Cheung, J.C., Chan, K.H., Lui, Y., Tsui, M. y Chan, C. (2018). Psychological well-being and adolescents’ internet addiction: A schoolbased cross-sectional study in Hong Kong. Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal, 35, 477-487. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10560- 018-0543-7
  • Costa, P.T., Jr. y McCrae, R.R. (1992). The Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEOPI-R) and NEO-Five-Factor Inventory (NEOFFI) professional manual. Psychological Assessment Resources.
  • Del Rey, R., Casas, J.A., Ortega-Ruiz, R., Schultze-Krumbholz, A., Scheithauer, H., Smith, P. y Plichta, P. (2015). Structural validation and cross-cultural robustness of the European Cyberbullying Intervention Project Questionnaire. Computers in Human Behavior, 50, 141-147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. chb.2015.03.065
  • Dodge, K.A. y Coie, J.D. (1987). Socialinformation-processing factors in reactive and proactive aggression in children’s peer groups. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 53(6), 1146-1158. https://doi. org/10.1037/0022-3514.53.6.1146
  • Durkee, T., Kaess, M., Carli, V., Parzer, P., Wasserman, C., Floderus B., Apter, A., Balazs, J., Barzilay, S., Bobes, J., Brunner, R., Corcoran, P., Cosman, D., Cotter, P., Despalins, R., Graber, N., Guillemin, F., Haring, C., Kahn, J. P, … Wasserman, D. (2012). Prevalence of pathological internet use among adolescents in Europe: Demographic and social factors. Addiction, 107, 2210-2222. https://doi. org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.2012.03946.x
  • Echeburúa, E. y De Corral, P. (2010). Adicción a las nuevas tecnologías y a las redes sociales en jóvenes: n nuevo reto. Adicciones, 22, 91-96. Recuperado de: https://www. adicciones.es/index.php/adicciones/article/ view/196/186
  • Eraso, A. y Fernández, S. (2020). Uso compulsivo de internet y consumos de sustancias entre los adolescentes españoles. Sistema: Revista de Ciencias Sociales, 257, 19-35.
  • Estévez, A., Jauregui, P., Sánchez-Marcos, I., López-González, H. y Griffiths, M.D. (2017). Attachment and emotion regulation in substance addictions and behavioural addictions. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 6(4), 534-544. https://doi. org/10.1556/2006.6.2017.086
  • Fandiño-Leguia, J.D. (2017). Los estudiantes y el uso problemático de internet. Revista Internacional de Estudios en Educación, 17(2), 145-170. https://doi.org/10.37354/ riee.2017.175
  • Gámez-Guadix, M. (2014). Depressive symptoms and problematic internet use among adolescents: Analysis of the longitudinal relationships from the cognitive-behavioral model. Cyberpsychology, Behavior and Social Networking, 17(11), 714-719. https://doi. org/10.1089/cyber.2014.0226
  • Gámez-Guadix, M., Calvete, E., Orue, I. y Las Hayas, C. (2015). Problematic internet use and problematic alcohol use from the cognitive-behavioral model: A longitudinal study among adolescents. Addictive Behaviors, 40, 109-114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. addbeh.2014.09.009
  • Gámez-Guadix, M. y Villa-George, F. (2015). El modelo cognitivo-conductual de la adicción a Internet: El papel de la depresión y la impulsividad en adolescentes mexicanos. Psicología y Salud, 25, 111-122. Recuperado de https://psicologiaysalud.uv.mx/index.php/ psicysalud/article/view/1344/2472
  • Gómez-García, G., Romero-Rodríguez, J.M., Rodríguez-Jiménez, C. y Ramos Navas-Parejo, M. (2020). Sexting among university students: Links to internet addiction and psychological variables. Journal of Drug and Alcohol Research, 9, Article ID 236105, 16 pages. https://doi.org/10.4303/jdar/236105
  • Hair, J.F, Anderson, R.E, Babin, B.J y Black, W.C. (2010). Multivariate data analysis: A global perspective. 7th ed. Upper Saddle River (N.J.): Pearson education.
  • Hong, S., You, S., Kim, E. y No, U. (2014). A group-based modeling approach to estimating longitudinal trajectories of Korean adolescents’ on-line game time. Personality and Individual Differences, 59, 9-15. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2013.10.018
  • Kayis, A.R., Satici, S.A., Yilmaz, M.F., Simsek, D., Ceyhan, E. y Bakioglu, F. (2016). Big five-personality trait and internet addiction: A meta-analytic review. Computers in Human Behavior, 63, 35-40. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.05.012
  • Koporčić, M. y Ručević, S. (2018. Odnos osobina ličnosti, tipova usamljenosti i ovisnosti o internetu. Medijska Istraživanja: ZnanstvenoStručni Casopis za Novinarstvo i Medije, 24(2), 69-90. https://doi.org/10.22572/mi.24.2.4
  • Little, T., Henrich, C., Jones, S. y Hawley, P. (2003). Disentangling the “whys” from the “whats” of aggressive behaviour? International Journal of Behavioral Development, 27, 122-133. https://doi. org/10.1080/01650250244000128
  • Luengo, A., Otero López J.M., Mirón, L. y Romero, A. (1995). Análisis psicosocial del consumo de drogas en los adolescentes gallegos. Xunta de Galicia
  • McCrae, R.R. y Costa, P.T. (1987). Validation of the five-factor model of personality across instruments and observers. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52(1), 81-90. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022- 3514.52.1.81
  • Montag, C. y Reuter, M. (Eds.). (2015). Studies in neuroscience, psychology and behavioral economics. Internet addiction: Neuroscientific approaches and therapeutical interventions. Springer Science + Business Media. https:// doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-07242-5
  • Obeid, S., Saade, S., Haddad, C., Sacre, H., Khansa, W., Al Hajj, R., Kheir, N. y Hallit, S. (2019). Internet addiction among lebanese adolescents: The role of self-esteem, anger, depression, anxiety, social anxiety and fear, impulsivity, and aggression-a cross-sectional study. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 207(10), 838-846. https://doi. org/10.1097/NMD.0000000000001034
  • Ortet, G., Escrivá, P., Ibañez, M.I., Villa, H., Mezquita, L. y Ruipérez, M.A. (2010). Versión corta de la adaptación española del NEOPI-R (JS NEO-S). International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 10, 327-344. Recuperado de http://www.aepc.es/ijchp/ articulos_pdf/ijchp-354.pdf
  • Ortet, G., Ibañez, M. I., Moya, J., Villa, H., Viruela, A., y Mezquita, L. (2012). Assessing the five factor of personality in adolescents: The Junior Version of the Spanish NEOPI-R. Assessment, 19, 114-130. https://doi. org/10.1177/1073191111410166
  • Penado, M., Andreu, J.M. y Peña, E. (2014). Agresividad reactiva, proactiva y mixta: Análisis de los factores de riesgo individual. Anuario de Psicología Jurídica, 24, 37-42. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.apj.2014.07.012
  • Prabakaran, S.A. y Venkatachalam, J. (2020). Exploration of internet usage, procrastination and psychological wellbeing of undergraduate students. Journal of Xi’an University of Architecture & Tecnology, 12(2), 2961-2966.
  • Raine, A., Dodge, K., Loeber, R., Gatzke-Kopp, L., Lynam, D., Reynolds, C., Stouthamer-Loeber, M. y Liu, J. (2006). The reactive-proactive aggression questionnaire: Differential correlates of reactive and proactive aggression in adolescent boys. Aggressive Behavior, 32(2), 159-171. https://doi.org/10.1002/ ab.20115
  • Roma, P., Ricci, F., Kotzalidis, G.D., Guidarelli, B., Pancheri, C., Mazza, C., Cinti, M.E., Burla, F. y Ferracuti, S. (2019). Psychopathology and personality in problematic internet users. Rivista di Psichiatria, 54(1), 24-30. https://doi. org/10.1708/3104.30937
  • Rosenberg, M. (1965). Society and the adolescent self-image. Princeton University Press.
  • Ruiz-Hernández, J.A., Moral-Zafra, E., LlorEsteban, B. y Jiménez-Barbero, J.A. (2019). Influence of parental styles and other psychosocial variables on the development of externalizing behaviors in adolescents:
  • A systematic review. European Journal of Psychology Applied to Legal Context, 11(1), 9-21. https://doi.org/10.5093/ ejpalc2018a11
  • Selig, J.P. y Little, T.D. (2012). Autoregressive and cross-lagged panel analysis for longitudinal data. In B. Laursen, T. D. Little y N. A. Card (Eds.), Handbook of developmental research methods (pp. 265-278). New York, NY: The Guilford Press.
  • Shaffer, H., LaPlante, D., LaBrie, R., Kidman, R., Donato, A., Stanton, M. (2004). Toward a syndrome model of addiction: Multiple expressions, common etiology. Harvard Review of Psychiatry, 12(6), 367-374. https:// doi.org/10.1080/10673220490905705
  • Shapira, N.A., Goldsmith, T.D., Keek Jr, P.E., Khosla, U.M. y McElroy, S.L. (2000). Psychiatric features of individuals with problematic internet use. Journal of Affective Disorders, 57 (1-3), 267-272.
  • Soole, D.W., Mazerolle, L. y Rombouts, S. (2008). School-Based Drug Prevention Programs: A Review of What Works. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology, 41(2), 259-286. https://doi.org/10.1375/ acri.41.2.259
  • Stavropoulos, V., Kuss, D.J., Griffiths, M.D., Wilson, P. y Motti-Stefanidi, F. (2017). MMORPG gaming and hostility predict Internet Addiction symptoms in adolescents: An empirical multilevel longitudinal study. Addictive Behaviors, 64, 294-300. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2015.09.001
  • Stodt, B., Wegmann, E. y Brand, M. (2016). Predicting dysfunctional internet use: The role of age, conscientiousness, and internet literacy in internet addiction and cyberbullying. International Journal of Cyber Behavior, Psychology and Learning (IJCBPL), 6(4), 28-43. https://doi.org/10.4018/ IJCBPL.2016100103
  • Thorsteinsson, E.B. y Davey, L. (2014). Adolescents’ compulsive internet use and depression: A longitudinal study. Open Journal of Depression, 3(1), 13-17. https:// doi.org/10.4236/ojd.2014.31005
  • Tur-Porcar, A.M., Doménech, A. y Jiménez, J. (2019). Eficacia académica percibida, crianza, uso de internet y comportamiento en la adolescencia. Revista Latinoamericana de Psicología, 51(1), 38-47. https://doi. org/10.14349/rlp.2019.v51.n1.5
  • Vitaro, F., Brendgen, M. y Barker, E.D. (2006). Subtypes of aggressive behaviors: A developmental perspective. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 30(1), 12-19. https://doi. org/10.1177/0165025406059968
  • Vondrackova, P. y Gabrhelik, R. (2016). Prevention of Internet addiction: A systematic review. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 5(4), 568-579. https://doi. org/10.1556/2006.5.2016.085
  • Wang, C.W., Ho, R.T., Chan, C.L. y Tse, S. (2015). Exploring personality characteristics of Chinese adolescents with Internet-related addictive behaviours: Trait differences for gaming addiction and social networking addiction. Addictive Behaviours, 42, 32-35.
  • Wartberg, L., Kriston, L., Zieglmeier, M., Lincoln, T. y Kammerl, R. (2019). A longitudinal study on psychosocial causes and consequences of Internet gaming disorder in adolescence. Psychological Medicine, 49(2), 287-294. https://doi.org/10.1017/ S003329171800082X
  • Watson, D., Clark, L.A., y Tellegen, A. (1988). Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54, 1063-1070.
  • Weibel, D., Wissmath, B. y Groner, R. (2010). Motives for creating a private website and personality of personal homepage owners in terms of extraversion and heuristic orientation. Cyberpsychology: Journal of Psychosocial Research on Cyberspace, 4(1), Article 5. Recuperado de https://cyberpsychology.eu/ article/view/4234/3278
  • Weisskirch, R.S. y Delevi, R. (2011). “Sexting” and adult romantic attachment. Computers in Human Behavior, 27(5), 1697-1701. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2011.02.008
  • Xiao, J., Li, D., Jia, J., Wang, Y., Sun, W. y Li, D. (2019). The role of stressful life events and the Big Five personality traits in adolescent trajectories of problematic Internet use. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 33(4), 360- 370. https://doi.org/10.1037/adb0000466
  • Yang, S.Y. y Kim, H.S. (2018). Effects of a prevention program for internet addiction among middle school students in South Korea. Public Health Nursing, 35(3), 246- 255. https://doi.org/10.1111/phn.12394
  • Young, K.S. (1998). Internet addiction: The emergence of a new clinical disorder. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 1, 237-244. https://doi.org/10.1089/cpb.1998.1.237
  • Yu, L. y Shek, D. (2018). Testing longitudinal relationships between internet addiction and well-being in Hong Kong adolescents: Crosslagged analyses based on three waves of data. Child Indicators Research, 11, 1545- 1562. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12187- 017-9494-3
Fonte de datos: Dialnet