El efecto mediador del ajuste psicológico en la relación entre la victimización por acoso escolar y el sentido de pertenencia escolar

  1. Sanmarco Vázquez, Jessica 1
  2. Camplá Bolívar, Xaviera 1
  3. Marcos Martinez, Verónica 1
  4. Novo Pérez, Mercedes 1
  1. 1 Universidade de Santiago de Compostela
    info

    Universidade de Santiago de Compostela

    Santiago de Compostela, España

    ROR https://ror.org/030eybx10

Revista:
Publicaciones: Facultad de Educación y Humanidades del Campus de Melilla

ISSN: 1577-4147

Ano de publicación: 2020

Volume: 50

Número: 1

Páxinas: 43-59

Tipo: Artigo

DOI: 10.30827/PUBLICACIONES.V50I1.9416 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openDialnet editor

Outras publicacións en: Publicaciones: Facultad de Educación y Humanidades del Campus de Melilla

Obxectivos de Desenvolvemento Sustentable

Resumo

Desde el ámbito educativo, el sentido de pertenencia escolar ha suscitado el interés de los investigadores, por su influencia en el rendimiento y el éxito académico, y más recientemente, se ha asociado con la salud mental, el bienestar social y el ajuste psicológico de los adolescentes. Sin embargo, es escaso el conocimiento de la relación entre los procesos de victimización por acoso escolar, el sentido de pertenencia y el papel mediador que puede desempeñar el ajuste psicológico. Es por ello que nos planteamos este estudio, en el que participaron 140 adolescentes con edades entre 12 y 16 años, a los que se les aplicó una batería de medidas de acoso escolar, ajuste psicológico y pertenencia escolar. Los resultados confirmaron un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales, en el que el factor de victimización por acoso psicológico predice el sentido de pertenencia escolar de manera directa e indirecta, a través del ajuste psicológico (indicadores de alteraciones emocionales y de ajuste escolar). Ni la exclusión ni el acoso relacional mostraron efectos directos o indirectos sobre el sentido de pertenencia. Atendiendo a las limitaciones del estudio, se discute la importancia de fomentar el sentido de pertenencia en la escuela como un factor protector frente al acoso escolar.

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