Manejo en tiempo real del sistema de riego en la DO Valdeorras (cv. Godello) Galicia

Resumo

The vineyards in Spain need to use irrigation systems, which has highlighted the need to know real vine water use, in order to implement an irrigation management appropriate to winegrower goals (qualitative and productive). This study presents the results of a trial in a real plot (A Rúa), located in Valdeorras Denomination of Origin (DO). The grapevine cultivar under study was Godello, which is one of the main white grapevine varieties in Galicia. The field experiment consists of three treatments: two drip irrigation treatments (surface and subsurface) and rainfed treatment. Sensors were installed in the different treatments, constituting a wireless network (WSN, Wireless Sensor Networks), which permits the use of real-time data: soil water potential, precipitation, temperature, relative humidity, wind and radiation. During the year 2012 measurements have been performed nine times, obtaining the soil water content with a TDR to depths of 15 to 60 cm. The observed data with the TDR have allowed us to calibrate the soil water balance, using the model ISAREG. The soil water content estimated by the model and the observed values with the TDR have been correlated with the soil water potential measured with Watermark probes, located at different depths. The ISAREG model allows us to define irrigation scheduling with climate variables measured in real time in the field plot, and to know the vineyard water stress. Watermark sensors provide the estimation of soil water content, and according to the wireless sensor network facilitate the irrigation water management in a woody crop, as vineyards. This system allows us to modify the irrigation strategy by changing the timing and amount of water applied, in a future scenario with restricted water resources changing to a precision viticulture.