El uso de antídotos para la extravasación de gluconato cálcicoestudio experimental en ratones

Abstract

Background Calcium gluconate extravasation is a process that can cause serious lesions in soft tissues, such as calcification and necrosis. The aim of the present study is to analyze the beneficial effects of four possible local antidotes for calcium gluconate extravasation: hyaluronidase, sodium thiosulfate, triamcinolone acetonide and physiological saline solution. Methods 89 Balb/c mice were included in the study. The substances selected for use in this study were calcium gluconate 4.6 mEq/10ml, hyaluronidase 1500 IU/ml, sodium thiosulfate 25%, triamcinolone acetonide 40 mg/ml 0.5 mg/kg, and saline solution 0.9%. Five minutes were allowed to lapse after the calcium gluconate infiltration and then an antidote was infiltrated. After three weeks, a skin biopsy was performed and a radiographic and histological study carried out. Results In the radiographic and histopathological study it was observed that both sodium thiosulfate and hyaluronidase significantly reduced calcium deposits in the soft tissues. Sodium tisofulate also reduced the appearance of skin lesions, but not hyaluronidase. No differences were found with the use of saline and triamcinolone acetonide. Conclusions Sodium thiosulfate and hyaluronidase reduce the development of calcium deposits after calcium gluconate extravasation.