O tráfico de pessoas em Portugala contemporânea exploraçao sexual de mulheres

Abstract

The international concept of trafficking in persons is a criminal or universal practice or activity characterized by the abuse of a situation of authority and economic necessity that violates Human Rights, whose poverty leads to the exodus of people to countries other than their origins, where their cheap labour is often exploited under conditions quite similar to «slavery», thus fueling international organized crime networks, essentially sexual exploitation, labour exploitation, organ harvesting and illegal adoption. Nonetheless, this criminal phenomenon is related to globalization, social inequality, ethical and gender issues. And, in terms of transnational organized crime, the concept of trafficking in persons loses, in profit-making, only to drug trafficking and arms smuggling. The causes of trafficking are complex and influenced by different factors, being different in each country of the world, so the pressure/attraction factors motivate the trafficking and the migration of people. The increase in the number of groups linked to trafficking in persons in general, as well as persons in particular, has been accompanied by a growing diversity of groups, which may consist of two or three individuals acting in a simplistic manner or, on the contrary, by groups that are part of broadly organized structures, with a restricted division of labour and links to other types of crime. And they can only act illegally or combine illegal processes with legal ones. In recent times, a number of Governments, particularly in Western Europe and the USA, have developed strategies to combat trafficking in persons, whose fundamental strategy has been the production and strengthening of legislation (the production of Conventions and Declarations International), alluding to the targeted criminal phenomenon. The purpose of the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime of 15 November 2000 is to promote cooperation to prevent and combat transnational organized crime more effectively, among whose illicit activities trafficking in persons is increasingly included. The Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children, in addition to the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime, adopted by the United Nations General Assembly of 15 November 2000 (commonly known as the Protocol against Trafficking in Persons or the Palermo Protocol of the United Nations), is based on the preamble itself, based on the principle that the Member States declare that effective action to prevent and combat trafficking in persons, in particular women and children, requires a comprehensive and international approach by countries of origin, transit and destination, including measures to prevent such trafficking, to punish traffickers and to protect victims of such trafficking, protecting their internationally recognized Fundamental Rights. The Council of Europe Convention on Combating Trafficking in Human Beings (commonly known as the Warsaw Convention of the Council of Europe)...