Patología cardíaca en la clínica dental evaluada con el cuestionario CROMEC (Clasificación del Riesgo Odontológico en Pacientes Médicamente Comprometidos)

Resumo

Introduction: cardiovascular disease represents one of the most common health problems in the population, due to its high rate of morbidity and mortality. In Spain, more than 124,000 people die each year, of which 55 % are women, and 83 % of deaths are due to ischemic heart disease and 73.6 % caused by cerebrovascular disease. Methods: descriptive cross-sectional study in patients over 18, who visited for the first time the Dental Services of the Health Care Centre of Beiramar in Vigo. The CROMEC questionnaire (Modification of the original EMRRH - European Medical Risk Related History questionnaire), which establishes the degree of ASA risk and which will allow the application of the basic clinical protocols in order to perform any dental treatment ensuring maximum efficiency and safety was conducted on each patient through direct questioning once the patient was seated in the dental chair and before any treatment was carried out. Results: a total of 2.319 patients were examined, 793 were males and 1.523 were females, the average age was 43.6 years old, between the ages of 18 to 94. 51 % of the subjects studied had prehypertension and had an ASA II risk classification, 15 % had hypertension stage 1 and ASA III risk and 1 % had hypertension stage II and an ASA IV risk. 0.8 % had heart failure, 3.5 % had valvular heart disease and 1.8 % had cardiac pacemakers and/or valvular prostheses. Conclusion: the use of the CROMEC questionnaire makes it possible to identify in an objective way those patients of greater risk and therefore, those who can and cannot be attended in a normal dental clinic.