Elaboración y validación de una escala para la evaluación del acoso escolar

  1. Arce Fernández, Ramón
  2. Velasco, Judith
  3. Novo Pérez, Mercedes
  4. Fariña Rivera, Francisca
Revista:
Revista iberoamericana de psicología y salud

ISSN: 2171-2069

Año de publicación: 2014

Volumen: 5

Número: 1

Páginas: 71-104

Tipo: Artículo

Otras publicaciones en: Revista iberoamericana de psicología y salud

Resumen

Se diseñó un estudio con el objetivo de desarrollar una escala de evaluación del acoso escolar en adolescentes. Para ello se creó una lista de 39 ítems en la que se siguieron tres criterios de redacción: el contenido de los ítems implicaba la intencionalidad de la acción; no incluían la palabra acoso; y no se centraban en escenarios específicos. Se aplicó la lista resultante junto al SCL-90-R (Derogatis, 2002) y las escalas ACS (Frydenberg y Lewis, 2000) y TAMAI (Hernández, 2002) para la evaluación de la salud mental, el afrontamiento y la adaptación, a 308 adolescentes, el 52.7% chicas, con edades entre los 12 y los 17 años (M = 13.97; DE = 0.06), que cursaban la ESO. Los resultados concretaron una escala compuesta por 26 ítems y 4 factores (acoso psicológico, exclusión, acoso físico y acoso relacional) que se mostró fiable tanto en el total de la escala, ? = .95, como en los 4 factores, ?s entre .84 y .90, y válida (convergente, discriminante, de criterio y de constructo).

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