Efectos de estrés sobre el moviento dental

Abstract

lntroduction. The active remodeling of alveolar bone in periodontal tissues is well known to occur in various kinds of conditions. Systemic factors may be involved in the regulation of the tissue-degrading activity. Bone resorption is regulated by the cytokines within marrow cells that mediate osteoclast formation and activation. Psychological responses to stressors have been shown to modulate the immune system though the neural and endocrine system in at least three different pathways. Material and method. Twenty-four rats, were randomly assigned into four groups of six rats each, control, stress, dental movement, stress and dental movement. To exert orthodontic force we used a modified method described by Kohno et al. The rats were subjected to a broad band noise at 100 dB daily for 5 seconds every minute during a 1 or 3-h period around midnight, at the height of the diurnal activity cycle. Unstimulated rats were exposed only to the normal activity of the animal room. Tooth movement assessed by extra-oral cephalometric radiographic view from the superior, by a modified method that was previously described by King et al ( 1991 ). Results. At seven and fourteen days we observed a statistically significant increase of dental movement in the animals subject to stress compared to those not stressed. Discussion. Recent studies have suggested that the regulation of bone remodeling can be influenced by the immune system though cytokine production from inflammatory cells present after the application of orthodontic forces. Numerous interdisdplinary psychoimmunological studies have provided evidence that external stimuli generating emotional stress responses may influence and modulate the immune system via nervous and neuroendochrine system.