Capital social y humano como determinantes del emprendimiento en las regiones españolas

  1. Neira Gómez, Isabel
  2. Portela Maseda, Marta
  3. Cancelo Márquez, María Teresa
  4. Calvo, Nuria
Revista:
Investigaciones Regionales = Journal of Regional Research

ISSN: 1695-7253,  2340-2717

Ano de publicación: 2013

Número: 26

Páxinas: 115-139

Tipo: Artigo

DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openDialnet editor

Outras publicacións en: Investigaciones Regionales = Journal of Regional Research

Resumo

Entrepreneurship, innovation and creativity are considered key factors of the economic growth because they usually bring on behaviors aligned with the market development, productivity and social cohesion. This study aims to analyze the factors that influence the entrepreneurial role, and provide a better understanding of this behavior from a dynamic perspective, in order to support policies for encouraging entrepreneurship. To do this we used the data presented in the report of the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM), in its 2011 edition, which is based on an empirical analysis of a sample of 27,000 Spanish citizens. The results confirm that the perception of market opportunities, and having the skills and knowledge required to create new companies are explanatory factors of the entrepreneurial activity. However, it is also possible to assert that the increase of the entrepreneurial activity rate motivated by the need of self-employment of the entrepreneur influences the increase of fear of failure, and this could generate a dynamic harmful to the business creation in the medium term. Our model aims to support the decisions of public institutions about the incentive measures for entrepreneurs. This work contributes to the study of entrepreneurship and business creation from a multidisciplinary perspective, incorporating psychological, sociological and economic approaches from a dynamic perspective. It also allows an in-depth analysis of factors undetected with other methodologies. We examined the determining factors of entrepreneurship by estimating a logit model based on entrepreneur’s social capital (networking) and the geographical location (region) of the business activity. This analysis has shown significant differences of these factors according to the stage of the entrepreneurial process. These results have let discuss the implications for the entrepreneurial dynamic, in order to support new policies in favor of entrepreneurship.

Referencias bibliográficas

  • Aldrich, H., and Zimmer, C. (1986): "Entrepreneurship through Social Networks", in D. L. Sexton and R. Smilor (eds.), The Art and Science of Entrepreneurship, Cambridge, 3-23.
  • Alvarez, C.; Noguera, M., and Urbano, D. (2012): "Condicionantes del entorno y emprendimiento femenino. Un estudio cuantitativo en Espana", Economía Industrial, 383 (1), 43-52.
  • Audretsch, D., and Keilbach, M. (2004): "Entrepreneurship Capital and Economic Performance ", Regional Studies, Taylor and Francis Journals, 38 (8), 949-959.
  • Audretsch, D., and Thurik, R. (2001): "What's New about the New Economy?", Industrial and Corporate Change, Oxford University Press, 10 (1), 267-315, March.
  • Bauernschuster, S.; Falck, O., and Heblich, S. (2010): "Social capital access and entrepreneurship ", Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 76 (3), 821-833
  • Baumol, W. J. (1990): "Entrepreneurship: Productive, Unproductive and Destructive", Journal of Political Economy, 98, 893-921.
  • Begley, T. M., and Boyd, D. P. (1987): "Psychological characteristics associated with performance in entrepreneurial firms and smaller businesses", Journal of Business Venturing, 2, 79-93.
  • Blanchflower, D. G. (2004): Self-Employment: More May Not Be Better, NBER Working Paper No. 10286.
  • Busenitz, L. W.; Page, G.; Shepherd, D.; Nelson, T.; Chandle, G., and Zacharakis, A. (2003): "Entrepreneurship Research in Emergence: Past Trends and Future Directions", Journal of Management, 29 (3), 285-308.
  • Campbell, C. A. (1992): "A decision theory model for entrepreneurial acts", Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 17 (1), 21-27.
  • Carsrud, A., and Johnson, R. (1989): "Entrepreneurship: A Social Psychological Perspective", Entrepreneurship and Regional Development, 1 (1), 21-32.
  • Carter, S., and Anderson, S. (2001): On the move: Women and men business owners in the United Kingdom, Washington DC: NFWBO and IBM.
  • Chell, E., and Baines, S. (2000): "Networking, Entrepreneurship and Micro-Business Behavior ", Entrepreneurship and Regional Development, 12, 195-215.
  • Contin, I.; Larraza, M., and Mas, I. (2007): "Caracteristicas distintivas de los emprendedores y los empresarios establecidos: evidencia a partir de los datos REM de Navarra", Revista de empresa, 20, 10-19.
  • DeTiene, D., and Chandler, G. (2007): "The role of gender in opportunity identification", Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 31 (3), 365-386.
  • Doh, S., and Acs, Z. (2010): "Innovation and Social Capital: A Cross-Country Investigation", Industry & Innovation, 17 (3), 241-262.
  • Doh, S., and Zolnik, E. (2011): "Social capital and entrepreneurship: An exploratory analysis African", Journal of Business Management, 18 June, 5 (12), 4961-4975.
  • Douglas, E. J., and Shepherd, D. A. (2000): "Entrepreneurship as a utility-maximizing response", Journal of Business Venturing, 15 (3), 231-252.
  • GEM (2010): Informe GEM España 2010, IE, Business School.
  • GEM (2011): Informe GEM España 2011, Fundacion Xavier de Salas-GEM Espana.
  • Guerrero Rialp, M. J., and Urbano, D. (2008): "The impact of desirability and feasibility on entrepreneurial intentions: A structural equation model", International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 4 (1), 35-50.
  • Gonzalez Alvarez, N., and Nieto Antolin, M. (2012): Descubrimiento y explotación de oportunidades empresariales: un análisis desde la perspectiva del capital social y el género economía industrial, 383, 65-74.
  • Greene, P. (2000): "Self-Employment as an Economic Behavior: An Analysis of Self-Employed Women's Human And Social Capital", National Journal Of Sociology, 12 (1), 1-55.
  • Green, P.; Gatewood, E., and Brush, C. (2003): "Women entrepreneurs: moving front and center: an overview of research and theory". White paper: United States Association for small business and entrepreneurship. Disponible en http://www.cofc.edu/entrepreneurconsortium/resources/research_women.php.
  • Justo, R., y Diaz, C. (2012): "Incidencia de los modelos de referencia en la creacion de empresas. Efectos mediadores y de genero", Economía Industrial, 383 (1), 111-123.
  • Kirzner, I. M. (1973): Competition and Entrepreneurship, Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
  • Kirzner, I. M. (1979): Perception, Opportunity, and Profit, Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
  • Langowitz, N., and Minniti, M. (2007): "The Entrepreneurial Propensity of Women", Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 31 (3), 341-364.
  • Leazar, E. P. (2002): Entrepreneurship, NBER Working Paper n.o 9109.
  • Low, M. B., and McMillan, I. C. (1988): "Entrepreneurship: Past research and future challenges", Journal of Management, 14 (2), 139-161.
  • Lundstrom, A., and Stevenson, L. (2005): Entrepreneurship Policy: Theory And Practice, Springer
  • Martinez Mateo, J.; Mira Solves, I., y Gomez Gras, J. M. (2012): "Influencias de las percepciones personales sobre la actividad emprendedora naciente. Una perspectiva de genero a traves de diferentes entornos economicos". Economía Industrial, 383 (1), 53-64.
  • McClelland, D. C. (1961): The achieving society, Princeton, NJ: VanNostrand.
  • Minniti, M. (2004): "Entrepreneurial Alertness and Asymmetric Information in a Spin-Glass Model", Journal of Business Venturing, 19 (5), 637-658.
  • Mueller, S. L., y Conway Dato-On, M. (2008): "Gender-role orientation as a determinant of entrepreneurial self-efficacy", Journal of Development Entrepreneurship, 13 (1), 3-20.
  • Murphy, K. M.; Shleifer, A., and Vishny, R. (1991): "TheAllocation of Talent: Implications for Growth", Quarterly Journal of Economics, 106, 503-530.
  • Palich, L. E., and Bagby, D. R. (1995): "Using cognitive theory to explain entrepreneurial risk-taking: challenging conventional wisdom", Journal of business venturing, 10 (6), 425-438.
  • Reynolds, P. D., Bygrave, B., and Hay, M. (2003): Global Entrepreneurship Monitor Report, Kansas City, MO: E. M. Kauffmann Foundation.
  • Sanchez-Escobedo, M. C., and Hernandez Mogollon, R. (2011): Análisis del género en las distintas fases del proceso de creación de empresas, tesis doctoral, Universidad de Extremadura, Departamento de Economia Financiera y Contabilidad.
  • Sexton, D. L., and Bowman, N. B. (1983): "Comparative entrepreneurship characteristics of students: Preliminary results", in J. A. Hornaday, J. A. Timmons and K. H. Vesper (eds.), Frontiers of Entrepreneurshi Research, Wellesley, M. A.: Babson Centre for Entrepreneurial Studies, 213-232.
  • Shane, S.; Locke, E. A., and Collins, C. J. (2003): "Entrepreneurial motivation", in Human Resource Management Review, 13, 257-279.
  • Sternberg, R., and Wennekers, S. (2005): "Determinants and Effects of New Business Creation Using Global Entrepreneurship Monitor Data", Small Business Economics, Springer, 24 (3), 193-203, 01.
  • Shapero, A., and Sokol, L. (1982): "Social Dimensions of Entrepreneurship", in C. A. Kent, D. L. Sexton y K. H. Vesper, Encyclopedia of Entrepreneurship, Englewood Cliffs, NJ; Prentice-Hall, Inc., 72-90.
  • Thurik, A. R.; Uhlaner, L. M., and Wennekers, S. (2002): "Entrepreneurship and Its Conditions: A Macro Perspective", International Journal of Entrepreneurship Education, 1 (1), 25-64.
  • Vazquez, E.; Gomes, S., and Vieira, E. (2010): "Entrepreneurship and economic growth in Spanish and Portuguese Regions", Regional and Sectoral Economics Studies, Issue 10-2, 110-126.
  • Verheul, I. et al. (2004): "Explaining female and male entrepreneurship across 29 countries", in The SCALES-paper series, EIM Business and Policy Research, n.o 200403.
  • Weber, E. U., and Milliman, R. A. (1997): "Perceived Risk Attitudes: Relating Risk Perception to Risky Choice", Management Science, 43, 123-144.
  • Zhao, H.; Scott, E. S., and Hills, G. E. (2005): "The Mediating Role of Self-Efficacy in the Development of Entrepreneurial Intentions", Journal of Applied Psychology, 90 (6), 1265-1272.
Fonte de datos: Dialnet