Evaluación forense de la simulación en casos de acoso escolar

  1. Arce Fernández, Ramón
  2. Fariña Rivera, Francisca
  3. Quinteiro Blanco, Irene
Journal:
Aula abierta

ISSN: 0210-2773

Year of publication: 2013

Volume: 41

Issue: 2

Pages: 67-74

Type: Article

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Abstract

Psychological injury forensic evaluation requires the diagnostic of the psychological injury and a differential diagnosis of simulation. This double objective demands the assumption of a multimethod approach: psychometric instruments and clinical-forensic interview. As for the bullying, none psychometric instrument was submitted to proof. Thus, a simulation experimental design was planned to contrast the aptitudes of malingerers to fake in the SCL-90-R (Derogatis, 1977, 2002), as well as efficacy of the validity indexes to detect malingering. One hundred ten adolescents responded to the SCL-90-R under standard instructions and, a week later, under instructions to malinger the psychological injury. Results showed that participants were able to malinger effectively the psychological injury on the SCL-90-R. Nevertheless, malingerers also self-reported non-expected disorders. For the simulation differential diagnosis, GSI, PST and PSDI validity indexes discriminated significantly between honest and malingered responses. Classification accuracy of malingering indexes was satisfactory. In the case classification, all criteria failed to classify 9.1% of the malingered protocols; 5.4% was classified for one; 7.3% for two; and 78.2% for three. In conclusion, the SCL-90-R is not a sufficient proof for the psychological injury evaluation and differential diagnosis of simulation, but it may be useful as a complement of the clinical-forensic interview.

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