Auditoría, comités de auditoría e neutralidade na información narrativa

  1. Babio Arcay, María Rosario
  2. Suárez Fernández, Óscar
  3. Vidal Lopo, Rosario
Revista:
Revista galega de economía: Publicación Interdisciplinar da Facultade de Ciencias Económicas e Empresariais

ISSN: 1132-2799

Ano de publicación: 2013

Volume: 22

Número: 1

Páxinas: 205-228

Tipo: Artigo

DOI: 10.15304/RGE.22.1.1276 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openDialnet editor

Outras publicacións en: Revista galega de economía: Publicación Interdisciplinar da Facultade de Ciencias Económicas e Empresariais

Resumo

O obxectivo deste traballo é a análise da implicación do auditor e do comité de auditoría na revisión da información narrativa. Utilizando como medida da calidade o ton da información histórica e de carácter financeiro contida no informe de xestión, estudamos a súa relación con determinadas características que a investigación previa identificou como determinantes da calidade da auditoría externa e da efectividade do comité de auditoría nas súas tarefas de supervisión da información. Os nosos resultados apuntan a unha falta de obxectividade na información que a actividade de auditores e comités non contribúe a corrixir. Unicamente resulta significativa a medida relativa ao grao de esforzo do auditor, que se relaciona positivamente cunha maior neutralidade, mentres que a duración da relación cliente-firma de auditoría e a prestación de servizos adicionais polo auditor, aínda que non significativamente, se relacionan negativamente coa calidade da información. Nin a presenza de independentes no comité de auditoría nin o seu grao de actividade mostran relación coa neutralidade da información.

Referencias bibliográficas

  • Abbott, L.; Parker, J.S.; Peters, G.F. (2004): "Audit Committee Characteristics and Restate-ments, " Auditing: A Journal of Practice and Theory, 23 (1), pp. 69-87.
  • Accounting Standards Board (2005): Reporting Standard 1-Operating and Financial Re-view. London: ASB.
  • Aerts, W. (2005): "Picking up the Pieces: Impression Management in the Retrospective At-tributional Framing of Accounting Outcomes, " Accounting, Organizations and Society, 30 (6), pp. 493-517.
  • Allegrini, M.; Greco, G. (2013): "Corporate Boards, Audit Committees and Voluntary Disclo-sure: Evidence from Italian Listed Companies, " Journal of Management & Governance, 17 (1), pp. 187-216.
  • Arruñada, B. (1999): "The Provision of Non-Audit Services by Auditors. Let The Market Evolve and Decide, " International Review of Law and Economics, 19 (4), pp. 513-531.
  • Association of Chartered Certified Accountants (2012): Re-Assessing the Value of Corpora-te Reporting. London: ACCA.
  • Balsam, S.; Krishnan, J.; Yang, J.S. (2003): "Auditor Industry Specialization and Earnings Quality, " Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 22 (2), pp. 71-97.
  • Beasley, M.S.; Carcello, J.V.; Hermanson, D.R.; Lapides, P. (2000): "Fraudulent Financial Re-porting: Consideration of Industry Traits and Corporate Governance Mechanisms, " Ac-count Horizons, 14 (4), pp. 441-454.
  • Beattie, V.; Fearnley, S. (2002): Auditor Independence and Non-Audit Services: A Literature Review. London: Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales (ICAEW).
  • Becker, C.; DeFond, M.; Jiambalvo, J.; Subramanyam, K. (1998): "The Effect of Audit Quality on Earnings Management, " Contemporary Accounting Research, 15 (1), pp. 1-24.
  • Bédard, J.; Marrakchi, S.; Chouteau, L. (2004): "The Effect of Audit Committee Expertise, In-dependence, and Activity on Aggressive Earnings Management, " Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 23 (2), pp. 13-36.
  • Bergstresser, D.; Philippon, T. (2006): "CEO Incentives and Earnings Management, " Journal of Financial Economics, 80 (3), pp. 511-529.
  • Caramanis, C.; Lennox, C. (2008): "Audit Effort and Earnings Management, " Journal of Ac-counting and Economics, 45 (1), pp. 116-138.
  • Carcello, J.V.; Nagy, A.L. (2004): "Audit Firm Tenure and Fraudulent Financial Reporting, " Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 23 (2), pp. 55-69.
  • Chen, H.; Chen, Z.; Lobo, G.J.; Wang, Y. (2011): "Effects of Audit Quality on Earnings Manage-ment and Cost of Equity Capital: Evidence from China, " Contemporary Accounting Re-search, 28 (3), pp. 892-925.
  • Cho, C.H.; Roberts, R.W.; Patten, D.M. (2010): "The Language of US Corporate Environmen-tal Disclosure, " Accounting. Organizations and Society, 35 (4), pp. 431-443.
  • Clarkson, P.M. (2000): "Auditor Quality and the Accuracy of Management Earnings Fore-casts, " Contemporary Accounting Research, 17 (4), pp. 595-622.
  • Clatworthy, M.; Jones, M. (2003): "Financial Reporting of Good News and Bad News: Evi-dence from Accounting Narratives, " Accounting & Business Research, 33 (3), pp. 171--185.
  • Cohen, J.; Gaynor, L.M.; Krishnamoorthy, G.; Wright, A.M. (2007): "Auditor Communications with the Audit Committee and the Board of Directors: Policy Recommendations and Op-portunities for Future Research, " Accounting Horizons, 21 (2), pp. 165-178.
  • Comisión Nacional del Mercado de Valores (2006): Código unificado de buen gobierno de las sociedades cotizadas. Madrid: CNMV.
  • Cornett, M.M.; McNutt, J.J.; Tehranian, H. (2009): "Corporate Governance and Earnings Ma-nagement at Large US Bank Holding Companies, " Journal of Corporate Finance, 15, pp. 412-430.
  • Courtis, J.K. (1998): "Annual Report Readability Variability: Tests of the Obfuscation Hypothesis, " Accounting, Auditing and Accountability Journal, 11 (4), pp. 459-471.
  • Davidson, R.; Goodwin-Stewart, J.; Kent, P. (2005): "Internal Governance Structures and Earnings Management, " Accounting and Finance, 45 (2), pp. 241-267.
  • Davis, A.K.; Tama-Swett, I. (2008): "Managers' Use of Pessimistic Tone Across Alternative Disclosure Outlets: Earnings Press Releases Versus MD&A, " Conference on Financial Eco-nomics and Accounting. Austin, TX: University of Texas at Austin.
  • Davis, L.R.; Soo, B.S.; Trompeter, G.M. (2009): "Auditor Tenure and the Ability to Meet or Beat Earnings Forecasts, " Contemporary Accounting Research, 26 (2), pp. 517-548.
  • DeAngelo, L.E. (1981): "Auditor Size and Audit Quality, " Journal of Accounting and Econo-mics, 3 (3), pp. 183-199.
  • Dechow, P.M.; Sloan, R.G.; Sweeny, A.P. (1996): "Causes and Consequences of Earnings Ma-nipulation: An Analysis of Firms Subject to Enforcement Actions by the SEC, " Contempo-rary Accounting Review, 13 (1), pp. 1-36.
  • Demers, E.; Vega, C. (2010): Soft Information in Earnings Announcements: News or Noise? (Working Paper, 2010/33/AC). Fontainebleau: INSEAD.
  • Dunn, K.A.; Mayhew, B.W. (2004): "Audit Firm Industry Specialization and Client Disclosure Quality, " Review of Accounting Studies, 9, pp. 35-58.
  • Elzahar, H.; Hussainey, K. (2012): "Determinants of Narrative Risk Disclosures in UK Inte-rim Reports, " The Journal of Risk Finance, 13 (2), pp. 133-147.
  • Engelberg, J. (2008): "Costly Information Processing: Evidence from Information Announ-cements" AFA 2009 San Francisco Meetings Paper. Stanford, CA: American Finance Asso-ciation (AFA).
  • España. Jefatura del Estado (1988): Ley 24/1988, de 28 de julio, del Mercado de Valores (texto consolidado). Boletín Oficial del Estado, no 181, de 29/07/88.
  • Ettredge, M.; Li, C.; Emeigh, E. (2011): Fee Pressure and Audit Quality. (Working Paper).
  • Feldman, R.; Govindaraj, S.; Livnat, J.; Segal, B. (2009): "Management's Tone Change, Post Earnings Announcement Drift and Accruals, " Review of Accounting Studies, 15 (4), pp. 915-953.
  • Financial Reporting Council (2009): Louder than Words, Principles and Actions for Making Corporate Reports Less Complex and More Relevant. London: FRC.
  • Francis, J.; Maydew, E.; Sparks, H. (1999): "The Role of Big 6 Auditors in the Credible Repor-ting of Accruals, " Auditing, 18 (2), pp. 17-34.
  • Fraser, I.A.M.; Henry, W.M.; Pierpoint, J.; Collins, W.M. (2010): Meeting the Needs?: User Views on External Assurance and Management Commentary. Endiburgh: The Institute of Chartered Accountants of Scotland (ICAS).
  • Frazier, K.B.; Ingram, R.W.; Tennyson, B.M. (1984): "A Methodology for the Analysis of Na-rrative Accounting Disclosures, " Journal of Accounting Research, 22 (1), pp. 318-331.
  • García Meca, E.; Sánchez Ballesta, J.P. (2009): "Corporate Governance and Earnings Mana-gement: A Meta Analysis, " Corporate Governance: An International Review, 17 (5), pp. 594-610.
  • García Osma, B.; Guillamón Saorín, E. (2011): "Corporate Governance and Impression Ma-nagement in Annual Releases, " Accounting, Organization and Society, 36 (4-5), pp. 187--208.
  • Ghosh, A.; Moon, D.C. (2005): "Auditor Tenure and Perceptions of Audit Quality, " The Ac-counting Review, 80 (2), pp. 585-612.
  • Girdharry, K.; Simonova, E.; Lefebvre, R. (2011): MD&A-Counterpart to or Distraction from Financial Reporting. Ottawa: Certified General Accountants Association of Canada.
  • Goffman, E. (1959): The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life. New York, NY: Anchor.
  • Habib, A. (2012): "Non-Audit Service Fees and Financial Reporting Quality: A Meta--Analysis, " Abacus, 48 (2), pp. 214-248.
  • Hartnett, N.A. (2006): "Management Disclosure Bias and Audit Services, " Review of Quan-titative Finance and Accounting, 26 (4), pp. 369-390.
  • Henry, E. (2006): "Market Reaction to Verbal Components of Earnings Press Releases: Event Study Using a Predictive Algorithm, " Journal of Emerging Technologies in Accoun-ting, 3 (1), pp. 1-19.
  • Henry, E.; Leone, A.J. (2009): Measuring Qualitative Information in Capital Markets Research. (Working Paper).
  • Hildebrandt, H.W.; Snyder, R.D. (1981): "The Pollyanna Hypothesis in Business Writing: Initial Results, Suggestions for Research, " Journal of Business Communication, 18 (1), pp. 5-15.
  • Hoitash, U.; Hoitash, R.; Bédard, J.C. (2009): "Corporate Governance and Internal Control Over Financial Reporting: A Comparison of Regulatory Regimes, " The Accounting Review, 84 (3), pp. 839-867.
  • Hoskin, R.E.; Hughes, J.S.; Ricks, W.E. (1986): "Evidence on the Incremental Information Con-tent of Additional Firm Disclosures Made Concurrently with Earnings, " Journal of Accoun-ting Research, 24, pp. 1-32.
  • International Accounting Standards Board (2010): IFRS Practice Statement-Management Commentary, A Framework for Presentation. London: IASB.
  • International Auditing and Assurance Standards Board (2012): International Standard on Auditing (ISA) 720 (Revised), The Auditor's Responsabilities Relating to Other Information in Documents Containing or Accompanying Audited Financial Statement and the Auditor's Report Thereon. London: IAASB.
  • International Organization of Securities Commissions (2003): General Principles Regarding Disclosure of Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (IOSCO General Principles Regarding MD&A). Madrid: IOSCO.
  • Jensen, M.C.; Meckling, H.W. (1976): "Theory of the Firm: Managerial Behavior, Agency Costs and Ownership Structure, " Journal of Financial Economics, 3 (4), pp. 305-360.
  • Johnson, V.E.; Khurana, I.K.; Reynolds, J.K. (2002): "Audit-Firms Tenure and the Quality of Financial Reports, " Contemporary Accounting Research, 19 (4), pp. 637-660.
  • Jones, M. (1996) "Readability of Annual Reports: Western Versus Asian Evidence-A Com-ment to Contextualize, " Accounting, Auditing and Accountability Journal, 9 (2), pp. 86-91.
  • Karamanou, I.; Vafeas, N. (2005): "The Association between Corporate Boards, Audit Com-mittees, and Management Earnings Forecasts: An Empirical Analysis, " Journal of Accoun-ting Research, 43 (3), pp. 453-486.
  • Klein, A. (2002): "Audit Committee, Board of Director Characteristics, and Earnings Mana-gement, " Journal of Accounting and Economics, 33 (3), pp. 375-400.
  • Kothari, S.; Xu, L.; Short, J. (2009): "The Effect of Disclosures by Management, Analysts, and Business Press on Cost of Capital, Return Volatility, and Analyst Forecasts: A Study Using Content Analysis, " Accounting Review, 84 (5), pp. 1639-1670.
  • Lang, M.; Lundholm, R. (2000): "Voluntary Disclosure and Equity Offerings: Reducing In-formation Asymmetry or Hyping the Stock?, " Contemporary Accounting Research, 17 (4), pp. 623-662.
  • Li, F. (2010): "The Information Content of Forward-Looking Statements in Corporate Fi-lings-A Naïve Bayesian Machine Learning Approach, " Journal of Accounting Research, 48 (5), pp. 1049-1102.
  • Li, J.; Mangena, M.; Pike, R. (2012): "The Effect of Audit Committee Characteristics on Inte-llectual Capital Disclosure, " The British Accounting Review, 44 (2), pp. 98-110.
  • Lin, J.; Hwang, M. (2010): "Audit Quality, Corporate Governance, and Earnings Manage-ment: A Meta-Analysis, " International Journal of Auditing, 14 (1), pp. 55-77.
  • Lin, J.; Li, J.; Yang, J. (2006): "The Effect of Audit Committee Performance on Earnings Qua-lity, " Managerial Auditing Journal, 21(9), pp. 921-933.
  • McConomy, B.J. (1998): "Bias and Accuracy of Management Earnings Forecasts: An Evalua-tion of the Impact of Auditing, " Contemporary Accounting Research, 15 (2), pp. 167-195.
  • McMullen, D.A.; Raghunandan, K. (1996): "Enhancing Audit Committee Effectiveness, " Journal of Accountancy, 182 (2), pp. 79-81.
  • Merkl-Davies, D.M.; Brennan, N.M. (2007): "Discretionary Disclosure Strateties in Corpora-te Narratives: Incremental Information or Impression Management?, " Journal of Accoun-ting Literature, 26, pp. 116-194.
  • Merkl-Davies, D.M.; Brennan, N.M.; McLeay, S.J. (2011): "Impression Management and Re-trospective Sense-Making in Corporate Narratives: A Social Psychology Perspective, " Ac-counting, Auditing and Accountability Journal, 24 (3), pp. 315-344.
  • Mock, T.J.; Bédard, J.; Coram, P.; Davis, S.; Espahbodi, R.; Warne, R.C. (2012): "The Auditor's Reporting Model: Current Research Synthesis and Implications, " Auditing: A Journal of Practice and Theory, (no prelo).
  • Monterrey, J.; Sánchez Segura, A. (2008): "Gobierno corporativo y calidad de la información contable: evidencia empírica española, " Revista de Contabilidad-Spanish Accounting Re-view, 11 (1), pp. 67-100.
  • Myers, J.L.; Myers, L.; Omer, T. (2003): "Exploring the Term of the Auditor-Client Relations-hip and the Quality of Earnings: A Case for Mandatory Rotation?, " The Accounting Review, 78 (3), pp. 779-799.
  • Neu, D.; Warsame, H.; Pedwell, K. (1998): "Managing Public Impressions: Enviromental Dis-clorures in Annual Reports, " Accounting, Organizations and Society, 23 (3), pp. 265-282.
  • O'Sullivan, M.; Percy, M.; Stewart, J. (2008): "Australian Evidence on Corporate Governan-ce Attributes and their Association with Forward-Looking Information in the Annual Re-port, " Journal of Management and Governance, 12 (1), pp. 5-35.
  • Petroni, K.; Beasley, M. (1996): "Errors in Accounting Estimates and their Relation to Audit Firm Type, " Journal of Accounting Research, 34 (1), pp. 151-171.
  • Pucheta Martínez, M.C.; De Fuentes, C. (2007): "The Impact of Audit Committee Characte-ristics on the Enhancement of the Quality of Financial Reporting: An Empirical Study in the Spanish Context, " Corporate Governance: An International Review, 15 (6), pp. 1394--1412.
  • Reichelt, K.J.; Wang, D. (2010): "National and Office-Specific Measures of Auditor Industry Expertise and Effects on Audit Quality, " Journal of Accounting Research, 48 (3), pp. 647--686.
  • Revsine, L. (1991): "The Selective Financial Misrepresentation Hypothesis, " Accounting Ho-rizons, 5 (4), pp. 16-27.
  • Roychowdhury, S. (2006): "Earnings Management through Real Activities Manipulation, " Journal of Accounting and Economics, 42 (3), pp. 335-370.
  • Ruiz Barbadillo, E.; Gómez Aguilar, N.; De Fuentes Barberá, C.; García Benau, M.A. (2004): "Audit Quality and the Going-Concern Decision-Making Process: Spanish Evidence, " Eu-ropean Accounting Review, 13 (4), pp. 597-620.
  • Rutherford, B.A. (2005): "Genre Analysis of Corporate Annual Report Narratives, " Journal of Business Communication, 42 (4), pp. 349-378.
  • Sadique, S.; In, F.; Veeraraghavan, M. (2008): Impact of Spin and Tone on Stock Returns and Volatility: Evidence from Firm-Issued Earnings Announcements and the Related Press Cove-rage. (Working Paper).
  • Smith, M.; Taffler, R. (2000): "The Chairman's Statement: A Content Analysis of Discretio-nary Disclosures, " Accounting, Auditing and Accountability Journal, 13 (5), pp. 624-647.
  • Sydserff, R.; Weetman, P. (2002): "Developments in Content Analysis: A Transitivity Index and DICTION Scores, " Accounting, Auditing and Accountability Journal, 15 (4), pp. 523--545.
  • U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (2003): Final Rule: Disclosure in Management's Dis-cussion and Analysis about Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements and Aggregate Contractual Obligations. Washington D.C., WA: SEC.
  • Uang, J. Y; Citron, D.B.; Sudarsanam, S.; Taffler, R.J. (2006): "Management Going-Concern Disclosures: Impact of Corporate Governance and Auditor Reputation, " European Finan-cial Management, 12 (5), pp. 789-816.
  • Zhang, J.; Taylor, D. (2011): "Corporate Risk Disclosures: The Influence of Institutional Shareholders and the Audit Committee, " Proceedings of the Accounting & Finance Associa-tion of Australia and New Zealand (AFAANZ) Conference. Carlton: Wright.