Reactions toward affirmative action measures for women

  1. Moscoso Ruibal, Silvia
  2. García Izquierdo, Antonio León 1
  3. Bastida Domínguez, María
  1. 1 Universidad de Oviedo
    info

    Universidad de Oviedo

    Oviedo, España

    ROR https://ror.org/006gksa02

Zeitschrift:
Revista de psicología del trabajo y de las organizaciones = Journal of work and organizational psychology

ISSN: 1576-5962

Datum der Publikation: 2010

Ausgabe: 26

Nummer: 3

Seiten: 211-221

Art: Artikel

DOI: 10.5093/TR2010V26N3A5 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openOpen Access editor

Andere Publikationen in: Revista de psicología del trabajo y de las organizaciones = Journal of work and organizational psychology

Ziele für nachhaltige Entwicklung

Zusammenfassung

This paper examines whether there are differences between women and men in their reactions towards different types of specific affirmative action measures (AAMs) for women. 192 women and 128 men from a variety of jobs responded to a survey. We conclude that women react more positively than men towards AAMs, although the reactions of both men and women vary depending on the type of AAM. Thus, reactions become increasingly positive when personnel decisions were made on the basis of merit and increasingly negative when decisions were made on the basis of gender. We also found that reactions towards AAMs are related to the variables ?unfairness perception? and ?threat perceived to men?, and especially to the former. Also, reactions towards the generic concept of affirmative action are more positive than towards specific AA measures. Implications of these results for research and practice are discussed.

Bibliographische Referenzen

  • Arriola, K. R. J. & Cole, E. R. (2001). Framing the affirmative-action debate: Attitudes toward out-group members and White identity. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 31, 2462-2483.
  • Bacchi, C. L. (1996). The politics of affirmative action. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications.
  • Beaton, A. M. & Tougas, F. (2001). Reactions to affirmative action: Group membership and social justice. Social Justice Research, 14, 61-78.
  • Bell, M. P., Harrison, D. A. & McLaughlin, M. E. (2000). Forming, changing, and acting on attitudes toward affirmative action programs: A theory-based approach. Journal of Applied Psychology, 85, 784-798.
  • Bobo, L. (1998). Race, interests, and beliefs about affirmative action. American Behavioral Scientist, 41, 985-1003.
  • Bobo, L. (2000). Race, interests, and beliefs about affirmative action: Unanswered questions and new directions. In D. O. Sears, J. Sidanius & L. Bobo (Eds.), Racialized politics: The debate about racism in America (pp. 137-164). Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
  • Bobo, L. & Smith, R. A. (1994). Antipoverty policies, affirmative action, and racial attitudes. In S. H. Danziger, G. D. Sandefur & D. H. Weinberg (Eds.), Confronting poverty: Prescriptions for change (pp. 365-395). Cambridge, MA: Harvard.
  • Boe nº71 de 23 de Marzo de 2007. Ley Orgánica 3/2007, de 22 de marzo, para La Igualdad Efectiva de Mujeres y Hombres, 12611-12645.
  • Brutus, S., Parra, L. F., Hunter, M., Perry, B. & Ducharme, F. (1998). Attitudes toward affirmative action in the United States and Canada. Journal of Business and Psychology, 12, 515-533.
  • Committee on Equal Opportunities for Women and Men of the Council of Europe (2008). http://assembly.coe.int/ Main.asp?link=/committee/DocRef/EGA_E.htm.
  • Crosby, F. J., Iyer, A., Clayton, S. & Downing, R. A. (2003). Affirmative action. Psychological data and the policy debates. American Psychologist, 58, 93-115.
  • Crosby, F.J., Iyer, A. & Sincharoen, S. (2006). Understanding affirmative action. Annual Review of Psychology, 57, 585-611.
  • Doverspike, D., Taylor, M. A. & Arthur, W. (2000). Affirmative action. A psychological perspective. Huntington, NY: Nova.
  • Ewoh, A.I & Elliott E. (1997). End of an era? Affirmative action and reaction in the 1990s. Review of Public Personnel Administration, 38-51
  • Edwards, J. (1995). When race counts: the morality of racial preference in Britain and America. New York: Routledge.
  • Faundez, J. (1994). Affirmative action: Internatio-nal perspectives. Geneva: International Labour Office.
  • French E. (2001). Approaches to equity management and their relationship to women in management. British Journal of Management,12, 267-85
  • García-Izquierdo, A.L. & García-Izquierdo, M. (2007). Discriminación, igualdad de oportunidades y selección de personal en España. Revista de Psicología del trabajo y de las organizaciones, 23 (1), 111-138.
  • Harrison, D.A., Kravitz, D.A., Mayer, D.M., Leslie, L.M. & Lev-Arey D. (2006). Understanding attitudes toward Affirmative Action Programs in Employment: Summary and Meta-Analysis of 35 Years of Research. Journal of Applied Psychology, 91, 1013-1036.
  • Henry, P. J. & Sears, D. O. (2002). The symbolic racism 2000 scale. Political Psychology, 23, 253-283. Johnson, R. A. (1990). Affirmative action policy in the United States: its impact on women. Policy and Politics 18, 77-90.
  • Konrad, A. M. & Linnehan, F. (1995). Formalized HRM structures: Coordinating equal employment opportunity or concealing organizational practices? Academy of Management Journal, 38, 787-820.
  • Konrad, A. M. & Hartman, L. (2001). Gender differences in attitudes toward affirmative action programs in Australia: Effects of beliefs, interests, and attitudes toward women. Sex Roles, 34, 415-432.
  • Kravitz, D. A. (1995). Attitudes toward affirmative action plans directed at Blacks: Effects of plan and individual differences. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 25, 2192-2220.
  • Kravitz, D. A. & Platania, J. (1993). Attitudes and beliefs about affirmative action: Effects of target and of respondent sex and ethnicity. Journal of Applied Psychology, 78, 928-938.
  • Krings, F., Tschan, F. & Bettex, S. (2007). Determinants of attitudes toward affirmative action in a Swiss Sample. Journal of Business and Psychology, 21, 585-611.
  • Lynch F.R. (1992). Invisible Victims: White Males and the Crisis of Affirmative Action. New York: Praeger
  • Matheson, K. J., Echenberg, A., Taylor, D. M., Rivers, D. & Chow, I. (1994). Women’s attitudes toward affirmative action: Putting actions in context. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 24, 2075-2096.
  • Matheson, K. J., Warren, K. L., Foster, M. D. & Painter, C. (2000). Reactions to affirmative action: Seeking the basis for resistance. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 30, 1013-1038.
  • Myors, B, Lievens, F., Schollaert, E., Van Hoye, G., Cronshaw, S., Mladinic, A., Rodríguez, V., Aguinis, H., Steiner, D., Rolland, F., Schuler, H., Frintrup, A., Nikolaou, I., Tomprou, M., Subramony, S., Raj, S., Tzafrir, S., Bamberger, P., Bertolino, M., Mariani, M., Fraccaroli, F., Sekiguchi, T., Onyura, B., Yang, H., Anderson, N., Evers, A., Chernyshenko, O., Englert, P., Kriek, H.J., Joubert, T., Salgado, J., Kö-nig,C.J.,Thommen, L., Chuang, A., Sinangil, H.K., Bayazit, M., Cook, M., Shen, W. Sackett, P. (2008). International Perspectives on the Legal Environment for Selection. Industrial and Organizationa Psychology. Perspectives on Science and Practice, 1, 206-246.
  • Nacoste, R. W. & Hummels, B. (1994). Affirmative action and the behavior of decision makers. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 24, 595-613.
  • Parker C.P, Baltes B.B, & Christiansen N.D. (1997). Support for affirmative action, justice perceptions, and work attitudes: a study of gender and racial-ethnic group differences. Journal of Applied Psychology, 82, 376-89
  • Parra, L. F. 1991. Development of attitudes toward affirmative action scale. Un-published Master’s thesis. Bowling Green State University.
  • Pylkkanen, E.M. (2004). Words that carry meaning: issue definition and affirmative action. McGill University. Montreal, Quebec, Canada: Unpublished Doctoral Thesis Real Decreto Legislativo 1/1995, de 24 de marzo Texto Refundido de la Ley del Estatuto de los Trabajadores, pp 2.
  • Resenedez, M.G. (2002). The stigmatizing effects of affirmative action: An examination of moderating variables. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 32, 185-206.
  • Ruiz, J. & Moya, M. (2005). Consecuencias psicosociales de la implementación de las políticas de acción positiva para los no beneficiarios: Efectos diferenciales según el grupo beneficiario. Revista Interamericana de Psicología, 39, 413-420.
  • Schuman H., Steeh C., Bobo L. & Krysan M. (1997). Racial Attitudes in America: Trends and Interpretations. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Sowell T. (2004). Affirmative Action Around the World: An Empirical Study. New Haven: Yale Univ. Press.
  • Steeh C & Krysan M. (1996). The poll trends: affirmative action and the public, 1970-1995. Public Opinion Quarterly, 60, 128-58.
  • United States (2004). Affirmative action appropriate under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, Washington, DC: Go-vernment Printing Office. Available from http://www. access.gpo.gov/nara/cfr/waisi dx-00129cfr1608 - 00.html.
  • Zelnick B. (1996). Backfire: A Reporter’s Look at Affirmative Action. Washington, DC: Regnery Publication.
Fuente de los datos: Dialnet