Repercusiones psicológicas del desempleoefectos colaterales de la crisis en el sector de la construcción

  1. Carlos Montes Piñeiro
  2. Rita Louzán Mariño
Revista:
Escritos de psicología

ISSN: 1138-2635,  1989-3809

Ano de publicación: 2013

Volume: 6

Número: 1

Páxinas: 28-35

Tipo: Artigo

DOI: 10.5231/PSY.WRIT.2013.1503 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openDialnet editor

Outras publicacións en: Escritos de psicología

Resumo

As a result of the global financial crisis, the unemployment rate in Spain has reached historic proportions. In this regard, this study examines the psychological impact of unemployment on workers who have lost their jobs as a result of the crisis. We compared the psychological well-being of a sample of workers in the construction sector, classified into four different groups according to their employment status: unemployed (n = 57), temporary workers (n = 54), permanent workers (n = 52), and self-employed (n = 56). The results of the ANOVA show that unemployed people experience greater psychological distress than workers who keep their jobs, although the only statistically significant differences were found between unemployed and temporary workers. Finally, the theoretical and practical implications of the findings are discussed.

Referencias bibliográficas

  • Aguado, J.,Navarro, P.,Esteve, L.,Ascaso, C. (2003). Análisis factorial confirmatorio del General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) en puérperas. IX Conferencia Española de Biometría.
  • Agulló, E. (2001). Trabajo, individuo y sociedad: perspectivas psicosociológicas sobre el futuro del trabajo. Pirámide. Madrid.
  • Álvaro, J.L. (1992). Desempleo y bienestar psicológico. Siglo XXI. Madrid.
  • Álvaro, J.L.,Marsh, C. (1993). Cultural mediation of political responses to unemployment: A comparison of Spain and the UK. International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy. 13. 77-107
  • Amable, M.,Benach, J.,González, S. (2001). La precariedad laboral y su repercusión sobre la salud: Conceptos y resultados preliminares de un estudio multimétodos. Archivos de Prevención de Riesgos Laborales. 4. 169-184
  • Blanch, J.M. (1989). Juventud, trabajo y desempleo: Un análisis psicosociológico. Ministerio de Trabajo y Seguridad Social. Madrid.
  • Blanch, J.M. (1990). Del viejo al nuevo paro: Un análisis psicológico y social. PPU. Barcelona.
  • Blanch, J.M. (2001). Trabajo, individuo y sociedad: perspectivas psicosociológicas sobre el futuro del trabajo. Pirámide. Madrid.
  • Blanch, J.M.,Cantera, L.M. (2009). El malestar en el empleo temporal involuntario. Revista de Psicología del Trabajo y de las Organizaciones. 25. 59-70
  • Bolton, W.,Oatley, K. (1987). A longitudinal study of social support and depression in unemployed men. Psychological Medicine. 17. 453-460
  • Campbell, A.,Knowles, S. (2007). A confirmatory factor analysis of the GHQ-12 using a large Australian Sample. European Journal of Psychological Assessment. 28. 2-8
  • Catalano, R. (2009). Health, medical care, and economic crisis. The New England Journal of Medicine. 360. 749-751
  • Creed, P.A.,Machin, M.A. (2002). The relationship between mental health and access to the latent benefits of employment for unemployed and underemployed individuals. Psychological Reports. 90. 1208-1210
  • Creed, P.A.,Macintyre, S.R. (2001). The relative effects of deprivation of the latent and manifest benefits of employment on the well-being of unemployed people. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology. 6. 324-331
  • Creed, P.A.,Muller, J.,Machin, M.A. (2001). The role of satisfaction with occupational status, neuroticism, financial strain and categories of experience in predicting mental health in the unemployed. Personality and Individual Differences. 30. 435-447
  • De Cuyper, N.,Isaksson, K.,De Witte, H. (2005). Employment contracts and well-being among European workers. Ashgate.
  • Del Pozo, J.A.,Ruiz, M.A.,Pardo, A.,San Martín, R. (2002). Efectos de la duración del desempleo entre los desempleados. Psicothema. 14. 440-443
  • Dooley, D.,Catalano, R.,Hough, R. (1992). Unemployment and alcohol disorder in 1910 and 1990: Drift versus social causation. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology. 65. 277-290
  • Eisenberg, P.,Lazarsfeld, P.F. (1938). The psychological effects of unemployment. Psychological Bulletin. 35. 358-390
  • Feather, N.T.,Bond, M.J. (1983). Time structure and purposeful activity among employed and unemployed university graduates. Journal of Occupational Psychology. 56. 241-254
  • (2009). World Economic Outlook Update. Servicio de Publicaciones del Fondo Monetario Internacional. Washington.
  • Fryer, D. (1986). Employment deprivation and personal agency during unemployment: A critical discussion of Jahoda's explanation of the psychological effects of unemployment. Social Behaviour. 1. 3-23
  • Garrido, A. (1999). Psicología Social Aplicada. McGraw-Hill. Madrid.
  • Gerdtham, U.G.,Johannesson, M. (2003). A note on the effect of unemployment on mortality. Journal of Health Economics. 22. 505-518
  • Gili, M.,Ferrer, V.,Roca, M.,Bernardo, M. (2000). Trastornos psiquiátricos y comorbilidad médica en un estudio epidemiológico comunitario. Psicothema. 12. 131-135
  • Goldberg, D.P. (1972). The detection of Psychiatric illness by questionnaire. Oxford University Press. Londres.
  • Goldberg, D.P.,Hillier, V.F. (1979). A scaled version of the General Health Questionnaire. Psychological Medicine. 9. 139-145
  • González-Romá, V.,Peiró, J.M.,Luna, R.,Baeza, J.A.,Espejo, B.,Muñoz, P. (1991). Un estudio de la estructura factorial del Cuestionario de Salud General (GHQ-12): comparación de los modelos factoriales. Psicológica. 12. 119-129
  • (2013). Encuesta de población activa: Cuarto Trimestre. Instituto Nacional de Estadística. Madrid.
  • Jacobson, L.S.,LaLonde, R.L.,Sullivan, D.G. (1993). Earnings Losses of Displaced Workers. American Economic Review. 83. 685-709
  • Jahoda, M. (1982). Employment and Unemployment: A Social-psychological analysis. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge.
  • Kirchler, E. (1985). Job loss and mood. Journal of Economic Psychology. 6. 9-25
  • Labonte, R. (2009). The global financial crisis and health: scaling up our effort. Canadian Journal of Public Health. 100. 173-175
  • Lang, J.C.,Lee, C.H. (2005). Identity accumulation, others' acceptance, job search self-efficacy, and stress. Journal of Organizational Behavior. 26. 293-312
  • Layton, C. (1987). Levels of state anxiety for males facing redundancy and subsequently reporting to be employed or unemployed. Perceptual and Motor Skills. 65. 53-54
  • Lazarsfeld, P.F.,Zeisel, H.,Jahoda, M. (1996). Los parados de Marienthal: Sociografía de una comunidad golpeada por el desempleo. La Piqueta. Madrid.
  • Lobo, A.,Muñoz, P.E. (1996). Cuestionario de Salud General GHQ: Guía para el usuario de las distintas versiones en lengua española validadas. Masson. Barcelona.
  • López-Castedo, A.,Fernández, L. (2005). Psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the 12-item General Health Questionnaire in adolescents. Perceptual and Motor Skills. 100. 676-680
  • McKee-Ryan, F.,Song, Z.,Wanberg, C.,Kinicki, A. (2005). Psychological and physical well-being during unemployment: A meta-analytic study. Journal of Applied Psychology. 90. 53-76
  • (2012). Encuesta de Coyuntura Laboral: Tercer Trimestre. Ministerio de Empleo y Seguridad Social. Madrid.
  • Montero, I.,León, O.G. (2007). A guide for naming research studies in Psychology. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology. 7. 847-862
  • Paul, K.I.,Batinic, B. (2010). The need for work: Jahoda's latent functions of employment in a representative sample of the German population. Journal of Organizational Behavior. 31. 45-64
  • Paul, K.I.,Moser, K. (2009). Unemployment impairs mental health: Meta-analyses. Journal of Vocational Behavior. 74. 264-282
  • Piqueras, R.,Rodríguez, A.,Rueda, C. (2008). Expectativas y duración del desempleo. Revista de Psicología del Trabajo y de las Organizaciones. 24. 129-151
  • Platt, S. (1985). Health policy implications of unemployment. World Health Organization. Copenhagen.
  • Rocha, K.B.,Pérez, K.,Rodríguez-Sanz, M.,Borrell, C.,Obiols, J.E. (2011). Propiedades psicométricas y valores normativos del General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) en población general española. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology. 11. 125-139
  • Sánchez-López, M.,Dresch, V. (2008). The 12-Item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12): Reliability, external validity and factor structure in the Spanish population. Psicothema. 20. 839-843
  • Selenko, E.,Batinic, B.,Paul, K. (2011). Does latent deprivation lead to psychological distress?: Investigating Jahoda's model in a four-wave study. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology. 84. 723-740
  • Thomas, C.,Benzeval, M.,Stansfeld, S.A. (2005). Employment transitions and mental health: an analysis from the British household panel survey. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health. 59. 243-249
  • Viinamäki, H.,Koskela, K.,Niskanen, L. (1993). The impact of unemployment on psychosomatic symptoms and mental well-being. International Journal of Social Psychiatry. 39. 266-273
  • Warr, P.B.,Jackson, P.,Banks, M. (1982). Duration of unemployment and psychological well-being in young men and women. Current Psychological Research. 2. 207-214
Fonte de datos: Dialnet